Question Discussion & Solution

Concept-

• DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.
• DNA as an acidic substance present in the nucleus was first identified by Friedrich Meischer in 1869.
• He named it ‘Nuclein’.
• DNA acts as the genetic material in most organisms.
• A DNA molecule consisting of all the genetic material of an organism is known as a chromosome.
• These are thread-like (helical) structures of protein and nucleic acids which​ carry all the genetic information in the form of genes.

Explanation-

• ​Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid and is therefore made up of nucleotide.
• Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base (A, T, G, C), and ribose sugar (deoxyribose in case of DNA).
• A nucleoside contains only pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base.
• Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two types of nucleic acids found in living systems.
• DNA is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides.
• The length of DNA is usually defined as the number of nucleotides (or a pair of nucleotides referred to as base pairs) present in it.

Thereby DNA is composed only of nucleic acid.

Additional Information

Lipids: 

• ​These organic compounds are nonpolar molecules, which are soluble only in nonpolar solvents and insoluble in water because water is a polar molecule.
• In the human body, these molecules can be synthesized in the liver and are found in oil, butter, whole milk, cheese, fried foods, and also in some red meats.

Proteins:

• Proteins are composed of amino acids, arranged into different groups.
• These fundamental amino acid sequences are specific and their arrangements are controlled by the DNA. 
• These are the fundamental building blocks of our bodies.
• They are large and complex macromolecules or bio-molecules which perform a major role in the functioning and regulating of our body cells, tissues, and other organs in the human body.​

The set of given words are Almonds, Cashew, Walnuts all are dry-fruits. 

Apricot is the most similar to that set of word. Remaining Banana, Apple and Watermelon different from Apricot.

Hence, "Apricot" is the correct answer.

The Correct Answer is Option (2) i.e C.

• The C language is also known as the mother of all programming languages.
• C is a general-purpose programming language that is used for creating a variety of applications.
• C language was originally developed for writing operating systems. Unix Kernel and all of its supporting tools and libraries are written in C language.
• The C language is used for the following operations :
  • Operating systems
  • Development of new languages
  • Computation platforms
  • Embedded systems
  • Graphics and Games
• C++ and Java are the high-level languages and COBOL is a compiled English-like computer programming language.

Concept:

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):

• It is the premier space agency of the government of India.
• Its vision is to harness space technology for national development while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration.
• The space research activities were initiated in India under Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of the Indian space program, during the 1960s.
• ISRO established: 15 August 1969
• Headquarters: Bengaluru

​Explanation:

Vikram Sarabhai:

• Vikram Sarabhai was an Indian Physicist.
• He Initiated Space Research.
• He is also known as the 'Father of the Indian space program'.
• Vikram Sarabhai also researched cosmic Rays under Dr. C.V. Raman, a noble prize winner.

Thus, the Indian Space Research Center was formed by Vikram Sarabhai.

Additional Information 

Homi Baba:

• Homi Baba worked towards the development of nuclear power.
• Known as the 'Father of the Indian nuclear program'
• He founded the Tata Institute Of Fundamental Research. 

Rakesh Sharma:

• Rakesh Sharma is the first Indian citizen to travel to space.
• Rakesh Sharma flew aboard Soyuz T - 11 along with Yury Malyshev and Flight Engineer Gennadi Strekalov.
• He became the first Indian to enter space in 1984.
• He was an officer in the Indian Air Force.
• He was awarded the honour of “the Hero of the Soviet Union”.
• He also received Ashok Chakra, India’s highest peacetime gallantry award.

K Sivan:

• Dr K Sivan was the Chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation uptill 2021.
• He was born in 1957 in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.
• Dr Sivan was inducted into Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle Project of ISRO in 1982.
• He also served as Director at Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre at ISRO and Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre.
• He assumed the office as chief of ISRO in 2018.

The correct answer is Boy pushing wall in a room.

Key Points

• Boy pushing the wall in the room is not an example of work done.
  • When a boy pushes a wall, he is applying force on the wall. We see that the wall shows no displacement.
  • Work is given as the product of the forces and the displacement in the same direction.
  • Hence the work done is zero.

Additional Information

• Work is done when a force moves. Everyday examples of work include walking up a flight of stairs, lifting heavy objects, pulling a sled and pushing a shopping trolley, Applying pressure on a pebble lying on the surface, raising a book to a height.
  • Work is not done when holding a bag stationary or a book at arm's length because although a force is being applied, the force does not move.