Question Discussion & Solution

Just as Needle is a part/component of the Clock, similarly Blade is a part/component of Fan.

Thus the related word pair is Fan : Blade.

The correct answer is Typhoid. 

Key Points

• Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting.
• It can be fatal.
• It is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi.
• The infection is often passed on through contaminated food and drinking water, and it is more prevalent in places where handwashing is less frequent.

Additional Information

• Malaria- Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. The parasite can spread to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
• Chikungunya- Chikungunya is a viral disease. It spread to humans through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.
• Filariasis- Filariasis is a parasitic infection with a type of roundworm. It spread to humans through the bites of infected Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles mosquitoes. 

The correct answer is Virus.

• A disruptive program that spreads from program to program or from disk to disk is known as a Virus.
• A computer virus is designed to spread from host to host and has the ability to replicate itself. 
• When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected" with a computer virus.
• A virus operates by inserting or attaching itself to a legitimate program or document that supports macros in order to execute its code.
• In the process, a virus has the potential to cause unexpected or damaging effects, such as harming the system software by corrupting or destroying data.
• Once a virus has successfully attached to a program, file, or document, the virus will lie dormant until circumstances cause the computer or device to execute its code. 

Concept:

• Plant growth hormones or phytohormones are simple molecules with complex chemical composition, that regulates the growth and physiology of plants.
• Based on their functions on the living plant body they can be classified into two groups:

1. Plant growth promoters - Promotes activities like cell division, cell enlargement, flowering, fruiting, etc. Eg. Auxins, Gibberellins & cytokinins.
2. Plant growth inhibitors - They are involved in various growth-inhibiting activities like dormancy, and abscission. Eg. Abscisic acid.

• Gaseous PGR like ethylene can be put into both groups, however, it is largely an inhibitor of growth activities.

Explanation:

• Ethylene is a simple gaseous PGR.
• It is synthesized in large amounts by tissues undergoing senescence and ripening fruits.
• Influences of ethylene on plants include horizontal growth of seedlings, swelling of the axis, and apical hook formation in dicot seedlings.
• Ethylene promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs, especially of leaves and flowers.
• Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening. It enhances the respiration rate during the ripening of the fruits. This rise in the rate of respiration is called respiratory climactic.
• Ethylene breaks seed and bud dormancy, initiates germination in peanut seeds, sprouting of potato tubers.
• Ethylene promotes rapid internode/petiole elongation in deepwater rice plants.
• It helps leaves/ upper parts of the shoot to remain above water.
• Ethylene also promotes root growth and root hair formation, thus helping the plants to increase their absorption surface.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Option (2) i.e Pancreas.

Key Points

• In humans, the kidney is one of the main organs of the excretory system.
• The kidney's function is the filtration of the blood and removing waste(toxic) products.
• Waste products and excess fluid are removed through the urine.
• If the kidney fails person needs to undergo dialysis.
• Dialysis is a treatment that filters and purifies the blood using a machine
• The human excretory system includes certain organs that eliminate the wastes such as salts, carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid and water produced by the body.
• The path of the urine in the human excretory system is -
• After filtering from the kidney → The urine through Ureter → Stored in the Urinary bladder → Exits through the urethra.

Important Points

• The Pancreas is an organ located in the abdomen. It is not a part of the human excretory system.
• The Pancreas plays an important role in converting the food we eat into fuel for the body's cell.
• It helps in the process of digestion. It also regulates blood sugar.
• The body system that removes metabolic wastes from the body is known as the 'Excretory System'.