The correct answer is Wheat.
Key Points
Concept-
- A wide range of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens, affect the yield of cultivated crop species, especially in tropical climates.
- Crop losses can often be significant, up to 20-30 per cent, or sometimes even total.
- In this situation, the breeding and development of cultivars resistant to disease enhance food production.
- This also helps reduce the dependence on the use of fungicides and bacteriocides.
Explanation-
- Resistance of the host plant is the ability to prevent the pathogen from causing disease and is determined by the genetic constitution of the host plant.
- Before breeding is undertaken, it is important to know about the causative organism and the mode of transmission.
- Some of the diseases caused by-
- Fungi are rusts, e.g., brown rust of wheat, red rot of sugarcane, and late blight of potato.
- Bacteria – black rot of crucifers.
- Viruses – tobacco mosaic, turnip mosaic, etc.
- Brown rust of wheat is caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina.
Therefore the brown rust is the disease of wheat.
Additional Information
- Red rot is the disease of sugarcane.
- Late blight is the disease of potatoes.
- Mosaic virus is the disease of turnip.
