Question Discussion & Solution

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Uttar Pradesh, Jhansi, Goa is shown below:

Jhansi is a city of Uttar Pradesh.

Whereas, 

Uttar-Pradesh and Goa both are different States of India thus will come as a separate circle.

Hence, Option (4) is correct.

Additional InformationUttar-Pradesh:

• The Dudhwa National Park is located in Terai and is spread over an area of 490 sq.km. The national park also has the Dudhwa tiger reserve within its premises.
• National Chambal Sanctuary is also known as the National Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary that is home to the endangered gharial or small crocodile. The river Chambal follows through this sanctuary as the hills and ravines build many sandy beaches inside the park.
• Situated in the district of Pilibhit in Northern Uttar Pradesh, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is one of the 41 Project Tiger reserves of the country. The forest cover here is dense which is why the tigers have a good eco-system to survive in with enough prey. The reserve is home to over 127 different kinds of animals and 556 kinds of birds.
• The Nawabganj bird sanctuary also popularly known as Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad bird sanctuary is situated in the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is famous for being the temporary home of more than 250 kinds of birds. The birds come all the way from former USSR countries.
• Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located near the city of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is not as famous as the other ones in the area but the place is rich in scenic landscapes and waterfalls. The two famous waterfalls are; Rajdari and Devadari. The variety of animals found here are the wild boar, Indian gazelle and blackbucks.

Goa:

• Spread over an area of 211 square kilometres, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the newly established wildlife sanctuaries in Goa.
• With the number of Royal Bengal tigers that can be found at the Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary, authorities are considering to promote the place as one of the Project Tiger Reserves. Among the very popular sanctuaries of Goa, it is located near Valpoi town in Sattari Taluka.
• The Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is the biggest wildlife sanctuary in Goa and is located in Sanguem taluka. It spreads over an area of 240 square kilometres. Along with the stunning landscapes of the Western Ghats, the sanctuary also encompasses the very famous Dudhsagar Falls and a number of temples from the era of the Kadamba Dynasty. You can also visit the famous Devil’s Canyon View Point, a perfect place to spot wildlife and birds.
• Set up in 1968 and spread over an area of 105 square kilometres, the Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the southern part of Goa, near Canacona Taluka.
• The core area of Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is known as the Molem Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in the Sanguem region and is claimed to house up to 120 different species of birds such as drongo, golden oriole, the great Indian hornbill, three-toed kingfisher, wagtails, and fairy bluebird.

Concept:

Latent heat: It is the amount of heat needed to change the state of a unit mass of any substance without changing its temperature.

i.e., we can say that heat needed to supply for changing its state will be directly proportional to the mass m of the substance.

∴Q ∝ m

i.e.,Q = mL

The SI unit of Latent heat is J/Kg and the CGS unit is Cal/g respectively.

Where,

m = mass of an object

L = Latent heat

Q = amount of heat needed to change the state of matter of mass m 

Explanation:

From the above explanation, we can see that Amount of heat needed to melt a unit mass of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of mass of an object since the Latent heat of a material is constant.

i.e., Q ∝ m ⇒ Q = mL

Thus the unit of latent heat can be expressed as \(L=\frac{Q}{m}\Rightarrow L=\frac{Joules}{kg}\)

The correct answer is Cricket.

• Purushottam Lal Sukhadia, the father of former Rajasthan Chief Minister Mohan Lal Sukhadia, was associated with Cricket.

​Key Points

• Purushottam Lal Sukhadia​
  • Purushottam Lal Sukhadia, the father of former Rajasthan Chief Minister Mohan Lal Sukhadia, was associated with Cricket.
  • He played for the Bombay and Saurashtra teams.

Additional Information

• Mohan Lal Sukhadia
  • ​Mohan Lal Sukhadia was a politician.
  • He served as the Chief Minister of Rajasthan state for 17 years.
  • He became chief minister at the age of 38 and was responsible for bringing major reforms and developments in Rajasthan.
  • For this, he is still widely revered as the "founder of modern Rajasthan".

The correct answer is carbon.

Key Points

• A fullerene is an allotrope of carbon whose molecule consists of carbon atoms connected by single and double bonds so as to form a closed or partially closed mesh, with fused rings of five to seven atoms.
  • The molecule may be a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, tube, or many other shapes and sizes.
• Various allotropes of carbon are diamond, graphite, lonsdaleite, fullerene, C-540, C-70, amorphous carbon, carbon nanotube.
• Diamond and crystalline silicon are isomorphous because they both have a three-dimensional tetrahedral structure.
• Allotropy, the existence of a chemical element in two or more forms, which may differ in the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids or in the occurrence of molecules that contain different numbers of atoms.

Additional Information

• When an element exists in more than one crystalline form, those forms are called allotropes; the two most common allotropes of carbon are diamond and graphite.
  • One of the allotropic form of a carbon is a fullerene in which “carbon atoms” are “arranged in a sphere”.
  • Each sphere has 60 carbon atoms and each carbon atom is linked by a single covalent.
  • The fullerene is considered as purest allotrope of “carbon” because they have “smooth structure” without having dangling bonds.

The Correct Answer is "Cache Memory".

Important Points

Cache Memory :

• Cache Memory is a special very high-speed memory.
• It is used to speed up and synchronizing with a high-speed CPU. Cache memory is costlier than main memory or disk memory but economical than CPU registers.
• Cache memory is an extremely fast memory type that acts as a buffer between RAM and the CPU.
• It holds frequently requested data and instructions so that they are immediately available to the CPU when needed.
• Cache memory is used to reduce the average time to access data from the Main memory.

Additional Information

Secondary Memory​ :

• It is non-volatile, i.e. it retains data when power is switched off.
• It is large capacities to the tune of terabytes.
• It is cheaper as compared to the primary memory.
• Depending on whether the Secondary memory device is part of the CPU or not, there are two types of secondary memory – fixed and removable.

 Auxiliary Memory :

• Auxiliary memory is the non-volatile memory lowest-cost, highest-capacity, and slowest-access storage in a computer system.
• It is where programs and data kept for long-term storage or when not in immediate use.
• Such memories tend to occur in two types-sequential access (data must access in a linear sequence) and direct access (data may access in any sequence).
• The most common sequential storage device is the hard disk drives, whereas direct-access devices include rotating drums, disks, CD-ROMs, and DVD-ROMs.
• It used as permanent storage of data in mainframes and supercomputers.

Virtual Memo :

• A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system.
• This extra memory is actually called virtual memory and it is a section of a hard disk that's set up to emulate the computer's RAM.
• The main visible advantage of this scheme is that programs can be larger than physical memory.
• Virtual memory serves two purposes.
  • First, it allows us to extend the use of physical memory by using the disk.
  • Second, it allows us to have memory protection because each virtual address is translated to a physical address.