Question Discussion & Solution

An ohmmeter is an electrical instrument that measures electrical resistance. Similarly, barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure in a certain environment.

The correct answer is Cybersecurity.

Key Points

• Cryptography is a specialized area of Cybersecurity.
• Cryptography is also defined as the study of secure communications techniques that allow only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its contents.
• It covers the obfuscation of information in images using techniques such as microdots or merging.
• It is used to protect the written documents.
• The main purpose of cryptography appears to be making content and images undecipherable, the true goal of cryptography in an information technology context is to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of any information technology system.

Concept:

​Simple Pendulum:

• A simple pendulum consists of a small metallic ball or a piece of stone suspended from a rigid stand by a thread.
  The metallic ball is called Bob.
• A pendulum swings from one extreme position to another and comes back to the same position, this completes one oscillation. 
• One oscillation can also be defined as the pendulum starting from the mean position, going to one extreme, and coming back to the same mean position. 
• The time duration to compete for one oscillation is called time period and the is reciprocal of time period is frequency. 
• Frequency: The number of oscillations per unit time is called frequency. 

\(frequncy =\frac{Oscillation}{Time}\)

Calculation:

Given that : Frequency = 2 hz and time = 16 sec.

In a sec pendulum completes 2 oscillations per second.

⇒ Oscillations = Frequency × time

⇒ Oscillations = 2×16

⇒ Oscillations = 32

Additional Information

The time period of a simple pendulum depends upon on the length of the string and acceleration due to gravity.

\(T = 2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}\)

l is length, g is acceleration due to gravity. 

Stack

• It is a Last In First Out (LIFO) data structure
• Piles is another name used for stack since data element are placed one above the other and last element on the pile is the first one to be removed (LIFO)

• Push-down list: A list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO); Stack is a LIFO data structure
• The stack is used in situations where data have to be stored and then retrieved in reverse order.
• Real-life implementation of the stack is shown:

The ball which is stored last (D) will be the first one to be taken out of the container

Important Points

• Stacks data structures are also called FILO (first in last out)
• push(), pop(), peek() are some of the functions of stack data structure

Exterior is antonym of interior.

Similarly,