Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Kanada.

Key Points

• The Sanskrit philosopher Kanada Kashyapa (2nd–3rd century) expounded its theories and is credited with founding the school. 
• Vaisheshika, one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy, significant for its naturalism.
• The Vaisheshika school attempts to identify, inventory, and classify the entities and their relations that present themselves to human perceptions.

Important Points

• The Purva-Mimamsa of Jaimini (400 BCE), the greatest philosopher of the Mimamsa school, posits various deities to account for the significance of Vedic rituals but ignores, without denying, the question of the existence of God. 
• Patanjali also called Gonardiya, or Gonikaputra, (flourished 2nd century BCE or 5th century CE), Authors of two great Hindu classics-
  • The first, Yoga-sutras, a categorization of Yogic thought arranged in four volumes with the titles Psychic Power, “Practice of Yoga,” “Samadhi” (state of profound contemplation of the Absolute), and “Kaivalya” (separateness).
  • the second, the Mahabhashya (“Great Commentary”).
• Gautama was one of the famous seven rishis termed Saptarshi. He was the progenitor of the Gautama gotra. He was the son of Rahugana.

The correct answer is Tamil.

• The epics 'Silappadikaram' and 'Manimekalai' of the Sangam period were written in the Tamil language.

Key Points

• The Sangam Age:
  • It is a period between the 3rd century B.C. and 3rd century A.D. in South India.
  • The period is named after the Sangam academies which were held during that period and flourished under the royal patronage of the Pandya kings of Madurai.
  • The Sangam Age was ruled by three dynasties namely the Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas.
  • Silappathikaram was written by Elango Adigal.
  • Manimekalai was written by Sittalai Sattanar.

The correct answer is Raja Raj Chola I.

Key Points

• Raja Raj Chola I got the Brihadeshwara temple built at Thanjavur.
  • This South Indian style is most fully realized both in scale and detail in the Brihadeshwara temple built between 1003 and 1010 by the Chola king Rajaraja I.
  • Built by Tamil king Raja Raja Chola I between 1003 and 1010 AD, the temple is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples", along with the Chola dynasty era Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple and Airavatesvara temple.

Additional Information 

• Rajaraja I often described as Rajaraja the Great, was a Chola emperor and in his time the most powerful king in the south who was primarily responsible for restoring Chola's power and establishing his control over South India and the Indian Ocean.
• Brihadishvara Temple locally known as Thanjai Periya Kovil, and also called Rajarajeswaram, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located on the South Bank of the Cauvery river in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is Kerala.

• Ottamthullal is an art form performed only in Kerala.
• The meaning of Ottamthullal is 'poor man's Kathakali'.
• Kunchan Nambiar created this dance form, as an alternative to the Chakyar koothu.
• To protest against the prevalent socio-political structure and prejudices of the society, Kunchan Nambiar used it as a medium.
• Now it is a famous folk art presented in the temples of Kerala.
• Some other dance forms of Kerala:
  • Theyyam
  • Thiruvathirakali
  • Chakyar Koothu
  • Koodiyattam
  • Kathakali(Classical)
  • Mohiniattam(Classical).

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

• There are 12 Jyotirlinga shrines in India.

Important Points

• The southernmost Jyotirlinga temple is located in Tamil Nadu.
• Ramanathaswamy Temple is the southernmost Jyotirlinga temple in India.
• Ramanathaswamy Temple is the Jyotirlinga temple located in Tamil Nadu.
  • It is a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Shiva.
  • It was constructed during the period of the Pandya and Jaffna kings.
• Kedarnath in Uttarakhand is the northernmost Jyotirlinga temple in India. ​

Additional Information

• The 12 Jyotirlinga shrines of India are:
  • Somnath Jyotirlinga in Gir, Gujarat
  • Mallikarjuna Jyotirlinga in Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh
  • Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh
  • Omkareshwar Jyotirlinga in Khanda, Madhya Pradesh
  • Baidyanath Jyotirlinga in Deoghar, Jharkhand
  • Bhimashankar Jyotirlinga in Maharashtra
  • Ramanathaswamy Jyotirlinga in Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu
  • Nageshwar Jyotirlinga in Dwarka, Gujarat
  • Kashi Vishwanath Jyotirlinga in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
  • Trimbakeshwar Jyotirlinga in Nasik, Maharashtra
  • Kedarnath Jyotirlinga in Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand
  • Ghrishneshwar Jyotirlinga in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.