Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is In the districts of Ganganagar & Hanumangarh.

Key Points

• 'Ghagghar ka Maidan' is situated in the districts of Ganganagar and Hanumangarh.
• The Ghaggar-Hakra River is an intermittent river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon season.
  • The river is known as Ghaggar in India, before the Ottu barrage, and as the Hakra in Pakistan, downstream of the barrage, ending in the Thar desert.
• In pre-Harappan times the Hakra was a tributary of the Sutlej.
  • It is still connected to this paleochannel of the Sutlej, and possibly the Yamuna, which ended in the Nara River, presently a delta channel of the Indus River joining the sea via Sir Creek.

Additional Information

• The Ghaggar is an intermittent river in India, flowing during the monsoon rains.
  • It originates in the village of Dagshai in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh at an elevation of 1,927 meters (6,322 ft) above mean sea level and flows through Punjab and Haryana states into Rajasthan just southwest of Sirsa, Haryana, and by the side of Talwara Lake in Rajasthan.
  • Dammed at Ottu barrage near Sirsa, Ghaggar feeds two irrigation canals that extend into Rajasthan.
• The main tributaries of the Ghaggar are the Kaushalya river, Markanda, Sarsuti, Tangri and Chautang.
• The Kaushalya river is a tributary of Ghaggar river on the left side of Ghaggar-Hakra,
• It flows in the Panchkula district of Haryana state of India and confluences with Ghaggar river near Pinjore just downstream of Kaushalya Dam.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Rajasthan is a state in the northwestern part of India bordering Punjab, Haryana, New Delhi, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
  • The state also shares a border with the neighboring country of Pakistan.
  • Among the given options, Maharashtra is the state of India with which Rajasthan does not share its border.​ 

Additional Information 

• The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight states in India:
  • Mizoram (Champhai)
  • Tripura (Udaipur)
  • West Bengal (Krishnanagar)
  • Jharkhand (Lohardaga)
  • Chhattisgarh (Sonhat)
  • Madhya Pradesh (Shajapur)
  • Rajasthan (Kalinjarh)
  • Gujarat (Jasdan)
• The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through Orissa.
• Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle part of India. 
• From the extends south to north, the mainland of India extends between 8°4’N and 37°6’N latitudes.
• From the other extends west to east, India extends between 68°7’E and 97°25’E longitudes.
• Due to the great longitudinal extent and difference of about 29°, ta wide differences in local time of places located at two extreme points of the country.
• The difference between these two points would be approximately two hours.

The correct answer is Kanwar Sen

• Kanwar Sen was an eminent civil engineer from Rajasthan.
• He was the Chief Engineer in the Bikaner state who came up with the idea of the Rajasthan Canal. He successfully implemented the Ganga canal project too.
• The idea of bringing the waters from the Himalayan Rivers flowing through Punjab and into Pakistan was conceived by him in the late 1940s.
• He proposed that 2,000,000 ha (20,000 km²) of desert land in Bikaner and the northwest corner of Jaisalmer could be brought under irrigation from the waters of Punjab rivers. 

Key Points

• The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in India.
• This project is previously known as the Rajasthan Canal Project.
• The canal is one of the projects of the Green revolution in India.
• It starts from the Harike Barrage at Harike, a few kilometers below the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in the Indian state of Punjab, and terminates in irrigation facilities in the Thar Desert in the northwest of Rajasthan state.
• Indira Gandhi Canal is 649 km long and consists of the Rajasthan feeder canal and Rajasthan main canal and runs through 167 km in Punjab and Haryana and remaining 492 km in Rajasthan.
• The canal traverses 7 districts of Rajasthan: Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, and Sriganganagar.

Explanation:

Patod:

• On the outskirts of the pink city of Jaipur, one often comes across these stone slab houses.
• These homes known as Patod are entirely made using slabs of the pink sandstone known as Jodpuri patti.
• The basic framework remains the same throughout, the infill to cover this frame can be made using any natural building technique suitable to the region.
• These natural buildings could be an excellent solution for disaster management and emergency housing due to their ease and speed of construction.
• These are also cost-effective.
• These unique sensibilities in design and construction can only be found in the deepest hearts of our villages.

Thus, Patod houses found in Rajasthan are made up of pink sandstone.

Construction:

• The stone slabs to be used are cut and shaped beforehand and brought to the site to be assembled.
• The columns go 2’ below the ground and are erected perfectly vertical and packed well in the ground.
• The grooves on the top of the column are meant to accommodate the rafters.
• The stone slabs for the roofing are laid on top of the rafters overlapping each other.
•  These are also adjusted by placing a few small stones between the gaps of the rafters and the roofing slabs to give a better hold.
• These roofs, being monolith stone slabs do not require a steep 45° slope saving on the usage of more materials.
• There may be a few small gaps in between these roofing slabs.
• To prevent leakages, the joints between the two slabs are sealed with lime ‘bagra’.
• Sometimes these slabs are covered with a thatch of kuncha reeds (saccharum munja) 

The correct answer is Typical orientation of the Aravalli range

Key Points

• The typical orientation of the Aravalli Range is the root cause of scant rain in Rajasthan.
• Rajasthan receives scanty rainfall.
• The two main reasons are:
  • The Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian monsoon loses its moisture by the time it reaches the north-western part of India where Rajasthan is located.
  • And the Arabian sea branch of the monsoon flows parallel to the Aravalli Mountains and reach the northern part of India but does not shed moisture over Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• About Rajasthan:
  • Established: 30 March 1949
  • Districts: 33
  • Area: 3,42,239 Sq. Km.
  • Located between 23 30’ and 30 11’ North latitude and 69 29’ and 78 17’ East longitude.
  • It shares an international border with Pakistan and a national boundary with 5 states of India including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.