Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. the Atomic Number

• The periodic table is based on Atomic Number.
• The atomic number is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. 
• The periodic table is managed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, or IUPAC.
• In 1869, Dimitri Mendeleev included 63 known elements arranged according to increasing atomic weight. But there were many elements he could not place in the periodic table and with the discovery of new noble elements, there was a need to arrange the elements. Henry Moseley later arranged the elements in the periodic table by their number of protons rather than their atomic weights.
• The modern periodic table orders the elements according to increasing atomic number rather than increasing atomic weight.
• There are 118 elements in a periodic table. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in the modern periodic table.
• On moving from left to right in a period, the size of atoms(atomic size) decreases.
• On moving from left to right in a period, the metallic character of elements decreases, whereas the non-metallic character increases.
• While going down in a group of the periodic table, the size of atoms increases (or atomic size increases).
• While going down in a group of the periodic table, the metallic character of elements increases.
• Electronegativity and reactivity of non-metals increase along the period and decrease down the group.

Least possible diagram is:

I. Some car are Maruti. → True

II. No Ciaz is a Maruti. → False

The correct answer is Tecomella Stenosis.

• Tecomella Stenosis is the scientific name of the state flower-Rohira of Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Rohira is the state flower of Rajasthan.
• Its scientific name is Tecomella Stenosis.
• The flower is mainly found in desert and barren areas of the Thar Desert, Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• Lilium is the scientific name of lily flower.
• Helianthus is the scientific name of sunflower.
• Psidium Guajava is the scientific name of Guava.

Binary semaphores are also known as Mutex locks, as they are locks that provide mutual exclusion.

Explanation:-

Binary semaphores:- This is also known as mutex lock. It can have only two values 0 and 1. Its value is initialized to 1. It is used to implement the solution of critical section problems with multiple processes.

 Important PointsCounting semaphores:- Its value can range over an unrestricted domain. It is used to control access to a resource that has multiple instances

Using mutex:- A mutex provides mutual exclusion, either producer or consumer can have the key (mutex) and proceed with their work. 

Shared variable:- A semaphore is a shared variable that is used to implement mutual exclusion between system processes.
 Additional InformationSemaphore used:- Semaphores are typically used in one of two ways: To control access to a shared device between task. A Printer is a good example. You don'twant 2 tasks sent to the printer at once, so you create a binary semaphore to control printer access.

The correct answer is Process.

• Creating user and system processes is part of the Process management function of the operating system.

​Key Points

• The process management component:
  • The process management component is a procedure for managing the many processes that are running simultaneously in the operating system.
  • Every software application program has one or more processes when they are running.
  • For example, when we use a browser like Google Chrome, there is a process running for that browser program.
    • All these processes are managed by process management. 
  • The process management uses memory allocated to them and shutting them down when needed.

Additional Information

• Operating system
  • An operating system is a large and complex system.
  • OS system components include:
    • File,
    • Process,
    • Memory,
    • I/O device management.
• File management
  • File management in an operating system includes file creation and deletion.
  • Manipulating files and directories.
• Memory management
  • ​An Operating System performs the functions for Memory Management such as:
    • It helps to keep track of primary memory.
    • Determine what parts of it are in use by whom, what part is not in use.
• I/O device management
  • ​An Operating System performs the functions for I/O device management such as:
    • It offers a buffer caching system
    • It provides general device driver code
    • It provides drivers for particular hardware devices.