Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is DBMS.

Key Points

• A Database is an organized collection of data so that it can be easily accessed and managed.
• DBMS stands for Database Management System.
• A Database Management System (DBMS) is software designed to store, retrieve, define, and manage data in a database.
• Database Management System removes redundancy and Integrity.
• Database Management System reduces Application Development Time.
• DBMS follows the concepts of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (normally shortened as ACID).
• DBMS supports a multi-user environment and allows them to access and manipulate data in parallel. 
• Types of DBMS Systems are:
  • Hierarchical Database
  • Network Database
  • Relational Database
  • Object-Oriented Database
• The three-schema architecture of DBMS:

• Some popular DBMS systems:
  • MySQL
  • Microsoft Access
  • Oracle
  • LibreOffice Base
  • Microsoft SQL Server

​Important Points 

• In 1960, Charles Bachman designed the first DBMS system.
• In 1970, Codd introduced IBM'S Information Management System (IMS)
• In 1976, Peter Chen coined and defined the Entity-relationship model also know as the ER model.
• In 1991, Microsoft ships MS Access, a personal DBMS and that displaces all other personal DBMS products.

​​​​ Additional Information 

• Operating System
  • ​An operating system acts as an intermediary between the user of a computer and computer hardware.
  • Operating systems were first developed in the late 1950s to manage tape storage.
  • The General Motors Research Lab implemented the first OS in the early 1950s for their IBM 701.
  • Operating System allows disk access and file systems Device drivers Networking Security.
  • Operating System Handling I/O operations.
  • Operating System has error detection and handling technic.
  • An Operating System is concerned with the allocation of resources and services, such as memory, processors, devices, and information. 
  • The Kernel is the central component of a computer operating system.
• ​Compiler
  • The compiler translates source code written in a high-level language into a set of machine-language.
  • Compilers are very large programs, with error-checking and other abilities.
  • The object code is machine code that the processor can perform one instruction at a time.
  • The first Autocode and compiler in the modern sense were developed by Alick Glennie in 1952.
  • John W. Backus at IBM introduced the first commercially available compiler, in 1957.

The correct answer is DE116.

Key Points

• The hexadecimal number system consists of the symbols 0 - 9, A - F.
• Hexadecimal uses decimal numbers and six extra symbols.
• There are no numerical symbols that represent values greater than nine, so letters taken from the English alphabet are used, specifically A, B, C, D, E, and F, where Hexadecimal A = decimal 10, and hexadecimal F = decimal 15.
• A binary number is just a string of zeros and ones: 11011011.
• Three bits, each being on or off, can represent the eight numbers from 0 to 7, this is known as the octal number system.

• Steps to Convert Binary to Hex:
  • ​Start from the least significant bit (LSB) at the right of the binary number and divide it up into groups of 4 digits. (4 digital bits is called a "nibble").
  • Convert each group of 4 binary digits to its equivalent hex value (see table above).
  • Concatenate the results together, giving the total hex number.
•  The binary code is given in question 1101 1110 0001 ⇒ DE1₁₆

The correct answer Firewall.

Key Points

• A firewall's main purpose is to prohibit unauthorized access to your computer via the Internet.
• In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
• A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet.

Additional Information

• Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, invented the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989 while working at CERN.
• The first web page address was http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.
• ARPANET adopted TCP/IP on January 1, 1983.
• NCSA Mosaic ran on Windows computers was the first browser to surf the internet.

The correct answer is Monitor.

Key Points

• A computer monitor is an output device that displays information in pictorial form.

Additional Information

• Plotter - A plotter is a printer that interprets commands from a computer to make line drawings on paper with one or more automated pens.
• Scanner - A scanner is an input device.
• Printer - It is an output device.

The correct answer is Esc.

Key Points

• Esc key does not appear in duplicate on a standard QWERTY keyboard.
• QWERTY is a keyboard design for Latin-script alphabets.
• The name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top left letter row of the keyboard (Q W E R T Y).
• The QWERTY design is based on a layout created for the Sholes and Glidden typewriter and sold to E. Remington and Sons in 1873.

Additional Information

• Esc is a key found on the top-left corner of a computer keyboard.
• It allows the user to abort, cancel, or close an operation.
• For example, if a web page was loading slow on an Internet browser, pressing the Escape key stops the download.