Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Atomic Energy.

Key Points

• A biomass energy source is one that is derived from organic matter.
• The source of atomic energy is radioactive metals which are of non-organic nature and thus cannot be classified as a biomass energy source.

The correct answer is At the district level.

• At the district level is the "Special Juvenile Police Unit" constituted under the "Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act".

• Rajasthan Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2011
  • ​Special Juvenile Police Unit:
  • (1) The State Government shall appoint a Special Juvenile Police Unit at the District level within four months of the notification of these rules and the unit shall consist of a juvenile or child welfare officer of the rank of Police Inspector and two paid social workers having experience of working in the field of child welfare, of whom one shall be a woman.
    (2) The District Child Protection Unit or the State Government shall provide services of its two social workers to the Special Juvenile Police Unit for discharging their duties.
    (3) The Juvenile or Child Welfare Officer at the Police Station shall be a person with the aptitude and appropriate training and orientation to handle the cases of juveniles or children in terms of the provisions of the Act. 

• Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000
  • The State Government of Rajasthan has made the following rules under this act, called the Rajasthan Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2011.
  • The State Government, the Juvenile Justice Board, the Child Welfare Committee or other competent authorities or agencies, as the case may be, while implementing the provisions of these rules shall abide and be guided by the principles, specified in sub-rule (2).
  • The following principles shall, interalia, be fundamental to the application, interpretation and implementation of the Act.

Concept:

• Social evils or social issues are referred to any undesirable condition that is opposed by society or by a section of society.
• Some major issues are the caste system, poverty, dowry system, child labour, religious conflicts, etc.

Explanation:

Child labour:

• Child labour refers to the exploitation of children through any form of work that deprives children of their childhood.
• Any activity that interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and is mentally, physically, socially and morally harmful.
• Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was enacted by the Ministry of Law and Justice on 30th July 2016.
• This Act amended the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986.
• According to this Act:
  • No child shall be employed or permitted to work in any occupation or process.
  • Criteria of a child - A person below the age of 14 yrs.
• Although these laws do not consider all work by children as child labour.
• Exceptions include work by child artists, family duties and supervised training.
• Child labour is more prevalent in the cities where the standard of living is high and children have to work to support their families.

Dowry System:

• Dowry, or the custom of accepting gifts by the bridegroom’s parents from to bride’s parents as part of a marriage settlement.
• Dowry is the money, valuables, goods, estate or property which the bride party gives to the groom's party in exchange for marriage.
• The Dowry system is most prevalent in village areas where people are uneducated and a girl is considered as a burden on their family.
• With upcoming times, this practice is not that common in urban areas.
• To prevent the system of dowry, The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 was enacted.

Important Points

• Both child labour and the dowry system are social evils.
• They both are punishable offences.

Thus, 

Dowry and child labour are punishable offences: Correct

Dowry and child labour are necessary evils: Incorrect

Dowry and child labour are common in the villages: Incorrect

Dowry and child labour are common in cities: Incorrect

The correct answer is Banas River.

• Banas River is known as "Forest's Hope".

Key Points

• Banas River
  • The Banas is a river that lies entirely within the state of Rajasthan.
  • It is a tributary of the Chambal River, itself a tributary of the Yamuna, which in turn merges into the Ganga.
  • Banas river originates in the Khamnor Hills of the Aravalli Range, near Kumbhalgarh in Rajsamand.
  • The name "Banaas" literally translates as "forest-hope" (Ban-aas) meaning "Hope-of-the-forest" or 'Van Ki Aasha.' 

Additional Information 

• Bedach River
  • The Berach River, a tributary of the Banas River.
• Bandi River
  • ​The Bandi is a tributary of the Luni River in the Pali district of Rajasthan state.
  • It merged in the Luni river in the Jodhpur district. 
• Arvari
  • ​The Arvari River is a small river flowing through the Alwar District of Rajasthan.

The correct answer is Tsitsi Dangarembga.

Key Points

• Zimbabwean writer and filmmaker Tsitsi Dangarembga has won the prestigious German Peace Prize.
• She is the first Black woman to win the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade, which is endowed with $29,100 and has been awarded since 1950.
• Dangarembga is known for her works including the bestselling novel, “Nervous Conditions” and its sequel, “This Mournable Body.”

Important Points

• In 1988, her debut novel Nervous Conditions was the first to be published in English by a Black woman from Zimbabwe.
• In 2020, her novel This Mournable Body was shortlisted for the Booker Prize.
• In addition to the Peace Prize, Dangarembga has also been awarded the PEN Pinter Prize and the PEN International Award for Freedom of Expression in 2021.

Additional Information

• The Peace Prize of the German Book Trade is an international peace prize that is awarded annually by the German Publishers and Booksellers Association.
• The prize has been awarded since 1950 traditionally on the Sunday of the Frankfurt Book Fair which usually takes place in October.
• The prize includes 25,000 euros.

• The Peace Prize acknowledges individuals who have been committed and contributed towards the realization of peace and humanity through their work especially in the field of literature, art, and science.