Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Arid.

• Sewan and Lawan grasses grow in Arid climatic region of Rajasthan.

Additional Information 

• The dominant perennial grass is the indigenous sewan (Lasiurus sindicus), popularly known as the "king of desert grasses". 
• Sewan and Lawan are a remarkable natural resource for the people of the desert.
• High water-use efficiency enables this native grass cover to maximise its production even with little water available through scanty rainfall.
• It also has high energy-use efficiency, which permits it to produce more biomass.
• Sewan is the primary grass of extremely arid parts of Jaisalmer, Barmer and Bikaner districts of western Rajasthan in the Indian Thar desert.
• It thrives well under moisture stress on sandy plains, low dunes and hummocks of this region, receiving annual rainfall below 200 mm

The Indian Standard Time (IST) :

• The Indian Standard Time is calculated from 82°30’E meridian passing through Mirzapur.
• IST is plus 5.30 hours from the GMT. 
• It does not take into account daylight saving time along with other seasonal factors. India has only one timezone.

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) : 

• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), the name for the mean solar time of the longitude (0°) of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in England. 
• The meridian at this longitude is called the prime meridian or Greenwich meridian.

Important Points

International dateline :

• The prime meridian also helps establish the International Date Line.
• The Earth's longitude measures 360o, so the halfway point from the prime meridian is the 180 longitude line.
• The meridian at 180 longitudes is commonly known as the International Date Line.
• As you pass the International Date Line, you either add a day (going west) or subtract a day (going east.)

The correct answer is 2002-03.

Key Points

• In 2002-03, Rajasthan faced one of the worst droughts of the century.
• This was the fifth continuous drought year in the state and all the 32 districts are affected.
• The state received only 220.4 mm rainfall up to 30th September, against the normal of 518.6 mm of the overall monsoon.
• The overall state rainfall deficit was -57.5% and the rainfall deviation ranges from -90.1% in the Bikaner district to -32.0% in the Jhalawar district.
• In 2016, Rajasthan was in the grip of a water crisis with 19 out of the 33 districts being famine-affected.
• The government sent water trains to parched Bhilwara and tankers to other areas facing an acute shortage.
• 90 per cent of water-related schemes in the state was dependent on ground water but the ground water table was going down therefore surface water is also being used.

The correct answer is Dungarpur - Banswara.

Key Points

• Mixed red and black soils are found in Dungarpur - Banswara.

Additional Information 

• Red Loamy Soil:
  • Southern Part of Rajasthan in Dungarpur, Banswara, Udaipur.
  • It lacks nitrogen and phosphorous and there is an excess of iron elements.
  • This soil has moisture-holding capacity.
  • By giving chemical fertilizer and irrigation in this type of soil rice, cotton, maize, wheat, sugarcane, etc. can be produced.
• Saline Soil:
  • South-Western Part of Rajasthan in Jalore Barmer.
  • This type of soil has a high amount of alkaline salts.
  • It is infertile, not suitable for cultivation.
  • Only shrubs grow in this soil.
• Sandy Soil:
  • Found in North-Western Part of Rajasthan in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur.
  • Soil particles are thick.
  • Less water holding capacity.
  • The soil lacks nitrogen and has calcium salts.

The correct answer (A) and (D).

Key Points Aw or Tropical Humid Region:

• The southern parts of the Dungarpur district and Banswara come under the region.
• Here, arid tropical grasslands and Savanna regions are found along with deciduous trees of monsoon type.
• The Winter season is arid and cool whereas summers experience scorching heat.
• Rainfall also mainly occurs in the summer season.
• The temperature is more than 18-degree celsius in the coldest month records.

CWG Climatic Region:

• The south-eastern areas of Aravalli are part of the region.
• Rains are limited to a few monsoon months only.
• Seasonal winds do not bring rains to this region during winters.

Bwhw Climatic Region:

• The region has an arid-hot desert climate with very scanty rainfall.
• On the contrary, the process of evaporation is very active.
• Thus, these areas are known as desert regions, limited to western parts of the Thar Desert.
• North-western Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, western Bikaner are included in this category.

Bshw Climatic Region:

• This climatic region is semi-arid, where winters are dry and even in summers there is no sufficient amount of rainfall.
• Vegetation is of steppe type, characterized by thorny bushes and grasses.
• This region comprises the districts of Barmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Churu, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, and Hanumangarh.​​

Important Points

Koppen climate classification: The Koppen climate classification divides climates into four main climate groups in respect of Rajasthan, with each group being divided based on vegetation.