Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Select, where, group by, having.

Additional Information

Six Operations to Order: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, and ORDER BY. Because the database executes query components in a specific order,

SELECT select_list [ INTO new_table ]  [ FROM table_source ]

[ WHERE search_condition ]

[ GROUP BY group_by_expression ]

[ HAVING search_condition ]

[ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ] ]

Hence Option 4 is correct

The correct answer is Soap solution is alkaline.

Concept:

• Indicators are the substances that are used to identify whether the given substance is an acid or a base.
• There are two types of indicators:
  • Natural: These indicators are obtained from natural sources like plants. 
  • Turmeric, litmus, china rose petals, etc., are some of the naturally occurring indicators.
  • The most commonly used natural indicator is litmus.
  • It is extracted from lichens.
  • It is available in the form of a solution, or in the form of strips of paper, known as litmus paper.
  • Generally, it is available as red and blue litmus paper.
  • Man-made: Phenolphthalein, Methyl orange are some of the man-made indicators.

Explanation:

• • The indicators change their colour when added to a solution containing an acidic or a basic substance.
  • Turmeric is a natural indicator. It contains the substance

curcumin which changes colour with pH.

• When a substance is basic, the colour is red, whereas when the substance is acidic, the colour of turmeric turns yellow to brown

• Turmeric stains on the shirt turn red when washed with soap because the soap solution is basic in nature which changes the yellow colour of Turmeric into red colour.
• It is because turmeric contains tartaric acid, while the soap contains a sodium hydroxide base. When an acid reacts with a base, a neutralization reaction takes place and the stain becomes neutral.

Neutralization Reaction

• A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form salt and water as products.

Saponification

• Saponification is the hydrolysis of an ester with NaOH or KOH to give alcohol and sodium or potassium salt of the acid.

Data for B+ Tree:

Disk Block size = D= 256 byte

Block pointer = B = 2 byte

Key field = K = 8 byte.

Order = p

Formula:

p × 2 + (p – 1) (8) ≤ 256

Calculation:

p × 2 + (p – 1) (8) ≤ 256

2p + 8p ≤ 264

p ≤ 26.4

∴ p = 26

The correct answer is Yamuna River System.

Key Points

• The Betwa is a tributary of the Yamuna River.
• It originates in the Vindhya Range in Madhya Pradesh and flows through Orchha (Madhya Pradesh) before reaching Uttar Pradesh.
• It joins the Yamuna River near Hamirpur after traveling 590 kilometers.
• The Betwa River has two major tributaries: the Halali and Dhasan Rivers.
• The Yamuna river is a major tributary of the river Ganges, it originates from the Yamunotri glacier near the Banderpoonch peaks of the lower Himalayas.
• It travels a total length of 1,376 kilometers and merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj (Allahabad).
• Tons, Hindon, Ken, Betwa, Chambal rivers are some of its tributaries.

Additional Information

• Ganga River System:
  • The Ganga (the Padma in Bangladesh) forms by the confluence of Alakhnanda and Bhagirathi at Devprayag.
  • Bhagirathi originates from Gangotri glacier and Alakhnanda originates from Satopanth glacier.
  • The total length of the Ganga river is 2525 km.
  • Some of the tributaries of Ganga are the Yamuna, the Ramganga, the Gomati, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, the Kosi and the Mahanada.
• Narmada:
  • The Narmada is the largest west-flowing river in India.
  • It rises near the Amarkantak range of mountains in Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is the fifth-largest river in the country.
  • The total length of the river is 1312 kilometers.
  • The Sher, the Dudhi, the Tawa (biggest tributary), the Ganjal, the Hiran, the Barna, the Choral, and the Lohar are some of the tributaries of the Narmada river.
• Tapti:
  • Tapti River is one of the major rivers of peninsular India.
  • Its total length is 724 km.
  • The Tapti river source of origin lies in Multai, in the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • Vaki, Gomai, Arunavati, Aner, Panjhra, Bori, and Girna are some of the tributaries.

The correct answer is Liver. 

Key Points

• The liver is the largest gland in the human body.
  • It is made up of specialized cells called hepatocytes.
  • It is situated on the right side of the stomach in the human body.
  • The study of the liver is called hepatology.
  • It is the largest metabolic organ in the human body.
  • It is the organ that stores a large amount of vitamin A.
  • Ammonia and urea are produced in the liver.
  • Hepatitis is a viral disease that affects the liver.
  • The liver is known as the "chemical lab of the human body".
  • The liver is the highest temperature-producing organ.

Additional Information

• The brain is the center of coordination in the human body.
• The pancreas secretes enzymes and hormones.
  • Insulin and glucagon are the hormones secreted by Pancreas.
• The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the human body.
  • Thyroxin and calcitonin are the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland.
• Pituitary Gland
  • The pituitary gland is a gland that is located at the base of the brain and right behind the bridge of the nose. It is mainly responsible for sexual maturation, reproduction, etc.
  • The pituitary gland is also called the 'master endocrine gland' and it is a small pea-sized gland.
  • The pituitary gland is controlled by Hypothalamus. 
  • The hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary to release or inhibit pituitary hormone production.
  • The pituitary is called the master gland because it controls various other glands.
  • Hence, it could be concluded that the pituitary gland is also called the 'master endocrine gland' because it regulates the activities of other endocrine glands.