Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Tropical Deciduous Forests.

Key Points

• Tropical Deciduous Forests
  • These are the most widespread forests in India.
  • They are also called the monsoon forests because the trees in these forests shed their leaves during the dry season and re-grow during the monsoon. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
  • They spread over regions that receive rainfall between 70-200 cm. 
  • The average temperature of Tropical Deciduous forests is 30oC. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
  • The humidity in these forests lies in the range of 80-90 per cent.
  • The prime feature of these forests as trees shed their leaves in the dry season and grow back leaf in rainy seasons.
  • Major states where tropical deciduous forests are found:
    • Madhya Pradesh
    • Uttar Pradesh
    • Chhattisgarh
    • Jharkhand
    • Odisha
    • Maharashtra 
    • Some parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh
  • On the basis of the availability of water, these forests are further divided into
    • Moist Deciduous
    • Dry Deciduous
• Moist Deciduous forests
  • They spread over regions that receive rainfall between 100-200 cm.
  • These forests are found in the northeastern states along the foothills of the Himalayas, eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, and Odisha.
  • Teak, Sal, Shisham, Hurra, Mahua, Amla, Semul, Kusum, and Sandalwood, etc. are the main species of these forests. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.​
• Dry Deciduous forests
  • They spread over regions that receive rainfall between 70-100 cm.
  • These forests are found in the rainy areas of Peninsular India, Plains of Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar.
  • In the higher rainfall regions of the Peninsular plateau and the northern Indian plain, these forests have a parkland landscape with open stretches in which teak and other trees interspersed with patches of grass are common.
  • As the dry season begins, the trees shed their leaves completely and the forest appears like a vast grassland with naked trees all around.
  • Tendu, Palas, Amaltas, Bel, Khair, Axlewood, etc. are the common trees of these forests.

Additional Information

• Tropical Thorn Forests
  • Tropical Thorn Forests are found in areas having less than 50cm of Rainfall.
  • A variety of Grasses and Shrubs are found in these thorn forests.
  • They are present in dry and semi-dry areas of south-west Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat,
  • Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.
  • In Tropical Thorn Forest, Trees remain leafless for the most part of the year
  • Tussocky Grass grows up to 2m in these areas. 
• ​Montane Forests​
  • Evergreen type of vegetation is prevalent in montane forests.
  • Generally, they are conical in shape so that it is easy for the snow to slide down.
  • Montane Forest is an ecosystem found in mountains.
    • These forests can be found in the higher hilly areas of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, also in the region of Eastern Himalayas to the east of 88°E longitude including the hills of Assam, West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland.
  • Some significant trees of the montane temperate forest are rhododendrons, ferns, oak, maple, juniper, deodar, chilgoza, etc.
• Tropical Evergreen Forests
  • ​Tropical evergreen forests are dense, multi-layered, and harbor many types of plants and animals.
  • These forests are found in the areas receiving heavy rainfall (more than 200 cm annual rainfall).
  • Therefore, these forests always appear green and are known as evergreen forests.
  • The greatest single area of tropical evergreen forest is the Amazon Basin, in the northern half of South America.
  • In India, evergreen forests are found in the western slopes of the Western Ghats in States such as Kerala and Karnataka. They are also found in the hills of Jaintia and Khasi.
  • Evergreen forests are found in the Assam Valley, the foothills of the eastern Himalayas, and the lower parts of the Naga Hills, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Manipur.
  • Ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber, and cinchona are some of the commercially important trees that grow in the tropical evergreen forests.

The correct answer is Football.

Key Points

• 'Bandodkar Gold Trophy' is associated with the sports of Football. 
• The Bandodkar Gold Cup was made of pure gold weighing several kilos.
• The trophy was instituted in 1970, by then Chief Minister, the late Dayanand Bandodkar.
• The Bandodkar Gold Cup was one of the top football tournaments in business in that era.
• The tournament was disbanded in 1994, only to be revived some years back by the Association.

 Additional Information

Concept:

• Food comprises constituents like proteins, carbohydrates, fats and supplementary substances such as minerals, vitamins and water that are vital for life.
• These constituents are known as nutrients. For proper functioning of our body, we need to consume bodybuilding foods (e.g. milk, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, pulses, groundnuts); energy-giving foods (e.g. cereals, sugar, roots, fats and oils); and protective foods (e.g. vegetables, fruits).

Explanation:

• Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for our body.
• Carbohydrates are of two types – simple and complex.
• Simple carbohydrates - These are quick-energy foods, e.g. sugar. Sources of simple carbohydrates are natural fruits, milk and milk products, and vegetables including potatoes and carrots.
• Complex carbohydrates - These are better sources of energy than sugar since they are released slowly. Sources of complex carbohydrates are bread, cereals (rice, wheat, bajra, corn, barley, ragi, sorghum, millets etc.),

Gram is not a source of carbohydrate, it is a source of protein.

Additional Information

Proteins:

• proteins are obtained from the animal as well as vegetable sources. Proteins of animal origin are found in milk, eggs, cheese, fish and meat.
• Proteins from these sources contain all the essential amino acids (EAA) in adequate amounts.
• Vegetable proteins are found in pulses (legumes), cereals, beans, nuts, oilseeds, etc

The correct answer is On 6th April 1919.

• The non-violent protest day of Rowlatt Act was celebrated on 6th April 1919. 

Key Points

• ​Rowlatt Act (1919):
  • In 1919 a Sedition Committee headed by justice Rowlatt led to the Rowlatt Act. This act authorised the government to imprison any person without trial and conviction by the Court of Law for 2 years. The law also enabled the government to suspend the right of Habeas Corpus which had been the foundation of civil liberties in Britain.
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (13th April 1919 AD):
  • The arrest of Dr Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr Satyapal on 10th April 1919 AD, under the Rowlatt Act in connection with Satyagraha caused serious unrest in Punjab.
  • A public meeting was held on 13th April 1919 AD in a park called Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. As soon as the meeting started, General Reginald Dyer ordered the indiscriminate heavy firing. The crowd of people had no way out to escape. As a result, hundreds of men, women and children were killed and more than 1,200 people wounded.
  • Due to this massacre, R.N. Tagore returned ‘Knighthood’ and Shankaran Nair resigned from the Executive Council of Viceroy.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, ‘JGW’ complete the series.