Question Discussion & Solution

Explanation:- 

• Oxidation is a chemical reaction in which oxygen is added to a substance or hydrogen is removed from the substance. The oxidizing agent is the chemical compound that provides oxygen or removes hydrogen from the reactants. Oxidizing agents are also known as Oxidant or Oxidizer. 
• Here, Aluminium is the only metal that forms a protective layer of its own oxide Al₂O₃. This Aluminium Oxide layer serves as a barrier and prevents the element Aluminium from further corrosion.

Additional Information

•  Gold (Au):- Gold is a noble metal, it belongs to group 11 and it is least reactive. It shows +1 and +3 oxidation states.
• Silver (Ag):-  It is a white lustrous element of group 11. Being a noble metal it is less reactive in nature. Silver is a good conductor of electricity.
• Aluminum (Al):- Aluminium is a metal from group 13, It is a light-weighted silvery metal with 3+ valency. Common Oxidation states shown by Aluminium is +1, +2, +3. 
• Iron (Fe):- Iron is a highly reactive metal, It reacts with the oxygen present in the air very easily and forms Iron oxides like FeO, Fe₂O_3, Therefore, Iron undergoes rusting

 .Hint :- Au, Ag, both are  less reactive in nature, Iron is highly reactive, whereas Al is reactive in nature but doesn't react with air due to the formation of Al₂O₃ 

The correct answer is ​CTRL + Z.

• CTRL + Z is used to undo changes (UNDO) in Ms-Word.

​Key Points

• CTRL + Z
  • To reverse the last action done by can be regained using CTRL+Z shortcut.
  • We can reverse more than one action using this shortcut tool.

Additional Information

• CTRL + Y
  • The keyboard shortcut for Redo is CTRL-Y.
• ​​Ctrl+N
  • ​​Ctrl+N is a keyboard shortcut most often used to create a new document, window, workbook, or other types of file.
• CTRL + H
  • Ctrl+H is a keyboard shortcut whose function varies depending on the program.
  • For example, with text editors, Ctrl+H is used to find and replace a character, word, or phrase.
  • In an Internet browser, Ctrl+H opens the history tool.

The correct answer is Flash memory.

Key Points

• Flash memory is a type of memory that functions similarly to RAM and ROM.
• You can write data to flash memory just like you can to RAM, however, unlike ROM, the data isn't lost when the power is turned off. Read-only memory is referred to as ROM.
• Although the CPU can read from ROM, it cannot write to or modify it. ROM is a long-term storage medium.
• Random-access memory (RAM) refers to memory that the microprocessor can read from and write to. It's done in RAM when you construct something in memory.

Important Points

• The smallest and fastest memory in a computer is register memory.
• External memory, often known as secondary memory, refers to the numerous storage media that a computer might use to store data and applications.
• Cache memory, often known as cache, is a supplementary memory system that saves frequently used instructions and data in order for the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to perform them more quickly.

The correct answer is 172.

• Article 172 of the Indian Constitution relates to the tenure of the state legislature.

Key Points

• State Legislature:
  • Articles 168 to 212 in Part VI of the Constitution deals with the organization, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers of the state legislature.
  • States having bicameral legislatures are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. 
    • {Trick to Remember- KUMBAT- Karnatak, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana}
  • The legislature's maximum strength is fixed at 500 and minimum strength at 60.
  • Article 172 deals with the Duration of State Legislatures.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is option 2.

Concept:

A process control block (PCB) is a data structure used by computer operating systems to store all process-related information. A process descriptor is another name for it. The operating system creates a process control block when a process is created (initialized or installed).

Process Control is a set of system calls that perform tasks such as process creation, termination, and so on.

Process Control Functions:

• End and Abort
• Load and Execute
• Abort, end
• Create Process and Terminate Process
• Wait and Signal Event
• Allocate and free memory.

Hence the correct answer is process control.

Additional Information File Management:

File manipulation tasks such as creating, reading, and writing is handled by file management system calls.

File manipulation Functions:

• Create a file
• Delete file
• Open and close file
• Read, write, and reposition
• Get and set file attributes

Device Management:

Device management is responsible for device manipulation such as reading from and writing to devise buffers.

Device management Functions:

• Request and release device
• Logically attach/ detach devices
• Get and Set device attributes

Information Maintenance:

It handles information and its transfer between the OS and the user program.

Information Maintenance Functions:

• Get or set time and date
• Get process and device attributes