Question Discussion & Solution

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Uttar Pradesh, Jhansi, Goa is shown below:

Jhansi is a city of Uttar Pradesh.

Whereas, 

Uttar-Pradesh and Goa both are different States of India thus will come as a separate circle.

Hence, Option (4) is correct.

Additional InformationUttar-Pradesh:

• The Dudhwa National Park is located in Terai and is spread over an area of 490 sq.km. The national park also has the Dudhwa tiger reserve within its premises.
• National Chambal Sanctuary is also known as the National Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary that is home to the endangered gharial or small crocodile. The river Chambal follows through this sanctuary as the hills and ravines build many sandy beaches inside the park.
• Situated in the district of Pilibhit in Northern Uttar Pradesh, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is one of the 41 Project Tiger reserves of the country. The forest cover here is dense which is why the tigers have a good eco-system to survive in with enough prey. The reserve is home to over 127 different kinds of animals and 556 kinds of birds.
• The Nawabganj bird sanctuary also popularly known as Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad bird sanctuary is situated in the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is famous for being the temporary home of more than 250 kinds of birds. The birds come all the way from former USSR countries.
• Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located near the city of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is not as famous as the other ones in the area but the place is rich in scenic landscapes and waterfalls. The two famous waterfalls are; Rajdari and Devadari. The variety of animals found here are the wild boar, Indian gazelle and blackbucks.

Goa:

• Spread over an area of 211 square kilometres, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the newly established wildlife sanctuaries in Goa.
• With the number of Royal Bengal tigers that can be found at the Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary, authorities are considering to promote the place as one of the Project Tiger Reserves. Among the very popular sanctuaries of Goa, it is located near Valpoi town in Sattari Taluka.
• The Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is the biggest wildlife sanctuary in Goa and is located in Sanguem taluka. It spreads over an area of 240 square kilometres. Along with the stunning landscapes of the Western Ghats, the sanctuary also encompasses the very famous Dudhsagar Falls and a number of temples from the era of the Kadamba Dynasty. You can also visit the famous Devil’s Canyon View Point, a perfect place to spot wildlife and birds.
• Set up in 1968 and spread over an area of 105 square kilometres, the Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the southern part of Goa, near Canacona Taluka.
• The core area of Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is known as the Molem Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in the Sanguem region and is claimed to house up to 120 different species of birds such as drongo, golden oriole, the great Indian hornbill, three-toed kingfisher, wagtails, and fairy bluebird.

The correct answer is Bacteria.

Key Points

• The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, protozoa, or parasitic worms.
• Amoebic dysentery is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It is transmitted in areas where poor sanitation allows contamination of drinking water and food with feces. In these areas, up to 40% of people with diarrhea may have amoebic dysentery.

Important Points

• Disease caused by Viruses:
  • Chickenpox - It is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus
  • Small Pox - It is caused by the Variola virus
  • Common Cold -It is caused by Rhinovirus
  • AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) - It is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
  • Measles -It is caused by the Measles virus
  • Mumps -It is caused by the Mumps virus
  • Rabies - It is caused by the Rabies virus (Rhabdoviridae family)
  • Dengue fever -It is caused by the Dengue virus
  • Viral encephalitis - It is an inflammation of the brain. It is caused by the rabies virus, Herpes simplex, poliovirus, measles virus, and JC virus
• Disease caused by Bacteria:

  • Whooping Cough - It is caused by a bacterium called Bordetella pertussis.

  • Diphtheria - It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
  • Cholera - It is caused by Vibrio cholera
  • Leprosy - It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
  • Pneumonia- It is caused by Streptococcus pneumonia
  • Tetanus - It is caused by Clostridium tetani
  • Typhoid - It is caused by Salmonella typhi
  • Tuberculosis - It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Plague - It is caused by Yersinia pestis
• Disease Caused by Protozoans: 
  • Malaria is spread by Anopheles mosquitoes. The Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria is neither a virus nor a bacteria
  • Amoebic dysentery: It is caused by Entamoebahistolytica.
  • Sleeping sickness:  It is caused by Trypanosomabrucei.
  • Kala-azar It is caused by Leishmaniadonovani.
• Disease Caused by Worms
  • Tapeworm: They are intestinal parasites. It cannot live on its own. It survives within the intestine of an animal including a human
  • Filariasis: It is caused by a thread
  • Pinworm: It is caused by a small, thin, white roundworm called Enterobiusvermicularis.

The correct answer is Transpiration.

• Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant in the form of water vapour.

 Additional Information

• The amount of water that plants transpire varies greatly geographically and over time.
• The transpiration depends upon
  • Temperature,
  • Relative humidity,
  • Wind and air movement,
  • Soil moisture availability and
  • Type of plant.

Guttation

• Guttation is the loss of water in the form of water droplets from hydathodes (small pores) on the leaf margin of some vascular plants.

Evaporation

• Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapour.

Translocation

• The movement of sucrose and other substances like amino acids around a plant is called translocation.

The correct answer is Folk Dance.

Key Points

• Dancer Kalbelia Gulabo Sapera's tale is one of perseverance in the face of societal pressure.
• Gulabo was awarded the Padma Shri in 2016 for his efforts to popularise Rajasthan's Sapera dance tradition, which he has promoted in over 165 countries.
• She was a participant in the recently concluded Jaipur Literature Festival 2021, a woman whose storey is worth hearing.
• Gulabo's indomitable spirit protected her from a destiny that regularly befalls girl children in the nomadic group of kalbelias, an abjectly poor population on the outskirts of civilization.

Important Points

• Kalbelia is a snake-charming tribe from Rajasthan, India's the Thar Desert.
• Men and women both do dance, which is an important element of their culture.
• The Daliwal and Mewara are the two main groups of Kalbelias. In ancient times, the Kalbelias were known to wander about a lot.
• Catching snakes and trading snake venom is their traditional occupation.

The correct answer is Hard Disk.

• In a typical desktop computer,  Hard disk memory sizes would be the largest.
• had a capacity of 1 to 8 terabytes, with the largest-capacity drives reaching 20 terabytes (single-disk drives, "dual" drives are available up to 24 TB).
• Smaller, laptop internal 2.5-inch drives, are available up to 5 TB.
  • Register> RAM> Cache> Hard disk.

​​Key Points

• RAM 
  • RAM is a hardware element where the data being currently used is stored.
  • It is a volatile memory.
  • Two types of RAM are
    • Static RAM, or (SRAM) and
    • Dynamic RAM, or (DRAM).
• Register
  • A register holds instructions or data that the processor is working on or will be working on shortly.
  • They form part of the processor and are capable of holding only one item at a time.
• Cache 
  • Cache memory is an area in the computer where codes and instructions are stored.
• Hard disk
  • A hard disk drive is an electromechanical data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic storage.

Additional Information

• There are four major storage levels on the computer:
  • Internal – 
    • Processor registers and cache.
  • Main –
    • The system RAM and controller cards.
  • On-line mass storage –
    • Secondary storage.
  • Off-line bulk storage –
    • Tertiary and Off-line storage.