Question Discussion & Solution

Concept:

• Nutrition is a process by which an organism consumes and uses food materials.
• According to WHO, Nutrition is the intake of food, considered in relation to the body's dietary needs.
• There are various modes of nutrition mainly Autotrophic, Heterotrophic, Chemoautotrophic, Saprophytic,  etc.

Explanation:

• Holophytic or autotrophic nutrition: In this type of nutrition the organisms prepare their food by themselves. Eg - green plants.
• Plants prepare their food by the process called photosynthesis. 
• During photosynthesis, plants trap solar energy or light energy with the help of chloroplast present in the green leaves and convert it into Chemical energy
• A pigment called chlorophyll is present in the chloroplasts which are required in trapping sunlight
• Plants utilize Carbon dioxide and Water for the synthesis of carbohydrates during photosynthesis, oxygen is liberated as a side product
• This gaseous exchange occurs through the stomata present on the leaf surface

• These events can be demonstrated by the following equation:

  \(\rm \underset{(Carbon\ dioxide)}{6CO_2} + \underset{(Water)}{6H_2 O} \xrightarrow[Chlorophyll]{Sunlight} \underset{(Carbohydrates)}{C_6H_{12}O_6} + \underset{(Oxygen)}{6O_2}\)

Therefore, Plants require CO₂, Chlorophyll, Sunlight and water for autotrophic nutrition and hence the correct option will be ''All of these''.

The correct answer is Archimedes' principle.

Concept:

Archimedes principle:

the principle of Archimedes states “When a body is immersed in a liquid, an upward thrust, equal to the weight of the liquid displaced, acts on it.”

Thus, when a solid is fully immersed in a liquid, it loses weight which is equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces.

i.e., \(Apperent\;weight = actual\;weight - buoyant\;force = mg - \rho gV\)

where m is mass of the object, ρ is the density of the fluid

Hence if there is no gravity, there is no Upward Thrust.

The upward force applied to the object is called the buoyant force.

Here,

ρ = density of liquid

g = acceleration due to gravity

V = volume of liquid displaced by the object

Explanation:

Archimedes’ principle, a physical law of buoyancy states that any body completely or partially submerged in a fluid (gas or liquid) at rest is acted upon by an upward, or buoyant, force the magnitude of which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.

Hence floating of the ship is based on Archimedes principle:

The correct answer is Anand Math.

• The National song of India, ‘Vande Matram’ has been taken from Anand Math.

Key Points

• Anand Math:
  • It was authored by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee.
  • The book was originally written in 1882.
  • Anandamath takes the reader back to Bengal in the clutches of the famine, the backdrop of the pre-independence struggle and the turmoil of human lives caught in this frame of time. 
  • It is considered one of the most remarkable works of the Bangla language and Indian literature.
  • Through the book, Bankim also gave us the song ‘VandeMataram’which became the rallying call for rebels.
  • The first two stanzas eventually became the National song of India.
  • One of the gems of Indian Literature, ‘Anandmath’ carries a deep sentiment of nationalism which was the essence of the freedom struggle.

Additional Information

• The 'Neel Darpan' published in 1860 portrays the plight of indigo cultivators was created by Deenbandhu Mitra.
• The first play ever commercially staged was Neel Darpan in 1872.
• It was translated by Micheal Madhusudan Dutta and it was published by

The correct answer is Rakesh Sharma.

Key Points

• Rakesh Sharma is the first Indian to enter space.
  • He was selected as a cosmonaut for a joint Soviet-Indian spaceflight in 1982.
  • He made history by becoming the first Indian to travel to space in 1984.
  • He flew on Soyuz T-11 with commander Yury Malyshev and flight engineer Gennady Strekalov, to the space station Salyut 7 on 3^rd April 1984.
  • Rakesh Sharma and his crewmates landed in Kazakhstan on 11^th April 1987 after the successful completion of the mission.
  • He is the only Indian citizen to travel in space.

Additional Information

• Kalpana Chawla was the first Indian-origin woman to enter space.
  • She was killed in the space shuttle Columbia disaster on 1st February 2003.
• Sunita Williams is the second Indian-origin woman to enter space.
  • The first marathon in space was run by Sunita Williams.
• Yuri Gagarin is the first man to enter space.
• Ravish Malhotra was an Air Force test pilot in India. 
  • He served as a backup for Rakesh Sharma on the Soyuz T-11 mission.

The correct answer is Rani Kanakwati.

• Jagat Shiromani Temple:
  • It was constructed by Rani Kanakwati.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and Meera bai.
  • It is also known as Meera bai temple as Meera bai was a devotee of Lord Krishna and considered him as her husband.
  • It is situated near the Amer palace.
  • It was built in the memory of queen Kanakwati's son, Jagat Singh.

Additional Information

• Man Singh I:
  • He was the Kachwaha Rajput Raja of Amer.
  • He was the trusted general of the Mughal empire and also one among the Navratanas of Akbar's court.
  • Queen Kanakwati was the wife of Man Singh I.
• Jagat Singh:
  • He was the son of Man Singh I and queen Kanakwati.
  • Jagat Shiromani Temple was built in his memory.
• Jai Singh I:
  • He was the ruler of the kingdom of Amer from 1611 to 1667.
  • He was also the senior general of the Mughal empire.