Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is It starts and expands due to over ploughing, deforestation and improper management of soil and water.

Key Points

• Desertification is a type of land degradation in dry lands that reduces biological productivity due to natural or anthropogenic factors causing them to become more arid.
  • In western Rajasthan, desertification activities lead to the destruction of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity.
  • The desert of Rajasthan is much less than other deserts located at similar latitudes of the world.
  • It starts and spreads due to over-plowing, deforestation and improper management of soil and water.

Additional Information

• Desertification is severe in hot and dry northwest India which includes the Thar Desert.
  • Desertification has affected about 70 percent of the state. Wind erosion, a major process of desertification in the state, has affected 44.41 percent of the area.
  • Vegetation erosion and water erosion also affect desertification.
  • Sand movement and dust storms due to wind erosion and deposition are characteristic of the Thar.

The correct answer is Dausa.

• As per the 2011 census, the Dausa district has the lowest percentage of the urban population.
• Of the total population of Rajasthan state, around 75.13 per cent live in the villages of rural areas.
  • In actual numbers, males and females were 26,641,747 and 24,858,605 respectively.
  • The total population of rural areas of Rajasthan state was 51,500,352.

Key Points

Top 5 Districts of Rajasthan having highest Rural population

Bottom 5 Districts of Rajasthan having the lowest Rural population

The correct answer is Bundi.

Key Points

• Aw or Tropical Humid Region:
  • ​The southern parts of Dungarpur, Jhalawar, and Banswara comes under the region.
  • The Winter season is arid and cool whereas summers experience scorching heat.
  • Rainfall also occurs mainly in the summer season.
  • Here arid Tropical grasslands and the Savanna region are found along with deciduous trees of Monsoon type.

​Additional Information

• A land-based classification of climatic zones, the Koppen classification system divides the earth into five major types, represented with the letters A, B, C, D, and E.
• Presently, the system utilizes both precipitation and temperature, as well as corresponding vegetation, to categorize biomes across the world.
• All zones except Zone B can be defined by temperature because the determining criteria for the vegetation in this zone are dryness, which falls under precipitation.
• Three types of climatic variation may be found within the Tropical Moist Climate region:
  • Af, or tropical wet climate, where precipitation occurs year-round.
    • Temperature variations are less than 3ºC.
    • Humidity is extremely high and the surface temperature results in the formation of cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds in the early afternoon time, daily.
    • This results in high rainfall.
  • Am, or tropical monsoon climate, where annual rainfall is similar to that of Af, but precipitation usually occurs within the 7-9 of the warmest months of the year.
    • During the rest of the year, there is less precipitation.
  • Aw, or the tropical wet and dry climate, also known as the savanna climate, where there is an extended dry season during the winter.
    • During the wet season, rainfall is less than 1000mm, occurring mainly in the summertime.

The correct answer is Junagadh - Bundi.

• Junagadh - Bundi pairs of the district with the fort and its location is not correctly matched.

​Key Points

• Junagadh Fort
  • Junagarh Fort is a fort located in the Bikaner, Rajasthan.
  • The fort was originally called Chintamani and was renamed Junagarh or "Old Fort" in the early 20^th century when the ruling family moved to Lalgarh Palace outside the fort limits.
  • It is one of the few major forts in Rajasthan which is not built on a hilltop. 

Additional Information

• Kumbhalgarh fort
  • The fort of Kumbhalgarh, in its current shape and form, was a creation of Mewar's ruler Kumbha in the 15th century. 
  • It is located in Rajasmand.
• Mehrangarh Fort
  • Mehrangarh is located in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
  • It is one of the largest forts in India.
  • Built around 1459 by Rao Jodha.
• Ranthambore Fort
  • Ranthambore Fort is located in Sawai Madhopur, 
  • King Jayant, also a Chauhan Rajput, built the Ranthambore Fort during 1110 AD.

The correct answer is Dungarpur - Banswara.

Key Points

• Mixed red and black soils are found in Dungarpur - Banswara.

Additional Information 

• Red Loamy Soil:
  • Southern Part of Rajasthan in Dungarpur, Banswara, Udaipur.
  • It lacks nitrogen and phosphorous and there is an excess of iron elements.
  • This soil has moisture-holding capacity.
  • By giving chemical fertilizer and irrigation in this type of soil rice, cotton, maize, wheat, sugarcane, etc. can be produced.
• Saline Soil:
  • South-Western Part of Rajasthan in Jalore Barmer.
  • This type of soil has a high amount of alkaline salts.
  • It is infertile, not suitable for cultivation.
  • Only shrubs grow in this soil.
• Sandy Soil:
  • Found in North-Western Part of Rajasthan in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur.
  • Soil particles are thick.
  • Less water holding capacity.
  • The soil lacks nitrogen and has calcium salts.