Question Discussion & Solution

The Supreme Court of India was established on 26 January 1950.

• The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial court and the final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of judicial review.
• It came into existence on 26th January 1950 and is located in Tilak Marg, New Delhi.

Additional Information

• The Supreme Court (SC) comprises the Chief Justice and 33 other Judges appointed by the President of India.
• The first Chief Justice of India was Sir Harilal Jekisundas Kania.
• The current Chief Justice of India is N. V. Ramana.

Concept-

• When the functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body is adversely affected, characterized by various signs and symptoms, we say that we are not healthy, i.e., we have a disease.
• Diseases can be broadly grouped into infectious and non-infectious.
• Diseases that are easily transmitted from one person to another, are called infectious diseases.
• Infectious diseases are very common and every one of us suffers from these at some time or other. Some of the infectious diseases like AIDS are fatal.
• Non-infectious disease cancer is the major cause of death.

Important Points

• Hepatitis B is a liver disease that is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
• The virus is known to interfere with the functions of the liver and cause pathological damage.
• It can be both acute or chronic disease.
• HBV is spread by contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person.

Explanation-

• Human beings have been abusing the water bodies around the world by disposing of them all kinds of waste.
• We tend to believe that water can wash away everything not taking cognizance of the fact that the water bodies are our lifeline as well as that of all other living organisms.
• Sewage from our homes as well as from hospitals is likely to contain many undesirable pathogenic microorganisms.
• Its disposal into the water without proper treatment may cause an outbreak of serious diseases, such as dysentery, typhoid, jaundice, cholera, etc.

Therefore Hepatitis-B is not a contaminated water disease.

Mistake Points

• Jaundice and Hepatitis B are not the same.
• Hepatitis B is a disease, while jaundice is a symptom.
• Jaundice symptom can be caused by many different reasons and Hepatitis B is just one of them. It can also be caused due to contaminated water.

Additional Information

Jaundice

• Jaundice can spread through contaminated water.
• It is a disease caused due to the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and blood tissues.
• The disease causes yellowish discoloration of the skin, eyes, and other mucous membranes. 
• It is common in newborn babies because the newborn’s liver is not fully developed.
• Symptoms of Jaundice are fever, abdominal pain, weight loss, drowsiness, vomiting, etc.

Cholera

• Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated.
• It is caused due to the consumption of contaminated food or water.
• The provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases.
• It is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera.
• People may feel pain in their abdomen, nausea, vomiting, or watery Diarrhoea.
•  

The correct answer is Total Internal Reflection of Light.

Key Points

• Total Internal Reflection of Light
  • When a light ray, traveling from a denser medium towards a rarer medium is incident at the interface at an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle, then the rays are reflected back into the denser medium.
  • Practical Applications of Total Internal Reflection
  1. The working of optical fiber is based on total internal reflection.
  2. Mirage is formed due to total internal reflection.
  3. The brilliance of diamonds is mainly due to the total internal reflection of light inside them.

Additional Information

• Reflection of Light
  • The phenomenon of rebounding back of light rays in the same medium on striking a smooth surface is called reflection of light.
  • Silver metal is one of the best reflectors of light.
• Diffraction of Light
  • The phenomenon of bending of light around the corners and the spreading of light within the geometrical shadow of the opaque obstacles is called diffraction of light.
• Refraction of Light
  • Change in the path of a light ray as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction.

The variable is the basic unit of storage in a Java program. A variable is defined by the combination of an identifier, a type, and an optional initializer.

Variable names cannot be keyword, it is case- sensitive and the first character must be a letter.

In Java, all variables must be declared before they can be used. The basic form of a variable declaration is:

type identifier [ = value ][, identifier [= value ] …];

Examples:

int a, b;

int a = 10, b = 20, c = 30;

int a, b = 20, c;

Confusion point

In Java, variable name can also start with underscore character “_”, or a dollar sign “$”.

Best Possible answer is chosen.

Given: Painter : Brush :: Author : ?

The logic followed here is: 

Painter uses Brush to paint.

Similarly, 

Author uses Pen to write.

Hence, pen is the correct answer.