Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Education.

86^th Constitutional Amendment Act inserted Education in Fundamental rights of the constitution.

• It made the elementary education a fundamental right and added a new article 21A.
• It declares that the state shall provide compulsory education to all children of the age 6 to 14 years.
• It changed the subject of Article 45 in directive principles that state shall provide early childhood care and education for all children until they reach the age of 6 years.
• It also added a new fundamental duty in Article 51A that it is the duty of every citizen to provide opportunities for education to their children between the age of 6 to 14 years.
• This was amended in the year 2002.
• Right to property was deleted from the fundamental right by the 44^th Constitutional Amendment Act in 1978. Now it is a legal right under Article 300A.
• Right to equality is a fundamental right under article 14 to 18 of the constitution.
• Right to freedom is given from article 19 to 22 in the constitution.

The correct answer is ​Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Points

• ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION
  • Some provisions of the Constitution pertaining to citizenship, elections, provisional parliament, temporary and transitional provisions, and short title
  • contained in Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 came into force on November 26, 1949 itself.
  • The remaining provisions (the major part) of the Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950.
  • This day is referred to in the Constitution as the ‘date of its commencement and celebrated as Republic Day.
  • January 26 was specifically chosen as the ‘date of commencement of the Constitution because of its historical importance. Hence Assertion is correct 
  • It was on this day in 1930 that Purna Swaraj day was celebrated, following the resolution of the Lahore Session (December 1929) of the INC. Hence R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas (26th November) is also known as National Law Day. The day commemorates the adoption of the Constitution in India. On this day in 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India formally adopted the Constitution of India.

The correct answer is 1952.

Key Points

• The Council of States also known as Rajya Sabha first constituted on 3 April 1952.

Additional Information

• On 23 August 1954, the Chairman of Rajya Sabha made an announcement in the House that the Council of States would now be called ‘Rajya Sabha’ in Hindi.
• The Rajya Sabha meet for the first time on 13 May 1952.
• Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was the first Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
• Shri S.V Krishnamoorthy Rao was the first Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
• At that time, Two hundred and fifty (250), out of which 238 are to be elected and 12 are to be nominated by the President of India is the maximum strength of Rajya Sabha.
• Two hundred and forty-five (245), out of which 233 are elected and 12 are nominated is now the actual strength of Rajya Sabha.

The correct answer is The Prime Minister.

Key Points

•  The Inter-State Council is a constitutional body set up on the basis of provisions in Article 263 of the Constitution of India.

Important Points

• Prime Minister is the Chairman of the Inter-state Council.
• Chief Ministers of all the States and Union Territories having Legislative Assemblies, Administrators of Union Territories not having Legislative Assemblies, Governors of States under President’s rule and six Ministers of Cabinet rank in the Union Council of Ministers, nominated by the Chairman of the Council, are members of the Council.
• Five Ministers of Cabinet rank nominated by the Chairman of the Council are permanent invitees to the Council.
• The Inter-State Council is assisted by the Secretariat, which is headed by a Secretary to the Government of India.

Additional Information

• Inter-State Council is a recommendatory body and it investigates and discusses such subjects, in which some or all of the States of the Union and one or more of the States have a common interest, for better coordination of policy and action with respect to that subject.
• It also deliberates upon such other matters of general interests to the States as may be referred by the Chairman to the Council.

The correct answer is The Canadian System.

Key Points

• By vesting the residuary powers in the Union, the Indian Constitution has followed the Canadian System.
• The provisions of a Federation with a strong center, Residuary powers of the Centre, the appointment of State governors by the Centre, and the advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, are all borrowed from the Canadian constitution.

Additional Information

Important borrowed features of the constitution: