Question Discussion & Solution

Explanation:

• Evolutionary biology: It is a field of science that deals with the study of evolutionary processes like natural selection, speciation & common descent that has led to the diversification of life on earth.
• Charles Darwin is known as the father of ''Evolutionary Biology''.
• Darwin proposed a theory of evolution called natural selection in the year 1859. According to it those populations which are a better fit (reproductively fit) in an environment will be selected by nature and will survive more.
• Charles Darwin wrote a book named ''The origin of species'' which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology.

Additional Information 

• Herbert Spencer- He Was best known for the introduction and application of evolutionary theory to philosophy, psychology, and social sciences
• The famous phrase 'Survival of the fittest' to mean Natural Selection was coined by Herbert Spencer. He originated this phrase after the publication of famous biologist Charles Darwin’s book ‘Origin of Species’ which talked about ‘Natural Selection’.
• Julian Huxley was an English biologist, philosopher, educator, and author who greatly influenced the modern development of embryology, systematics, and studies of behaviour and evolution.
• Stanley Miller along with H.C. Urey provided experimental evidence of ''chemical evolution''

The correct answer is Microphone.

• ​A microphone is an input device, which is used to save a person's voice on a computer.

Key Points

• Microphone
  • The microphone is a device connected to a computer (via an audio interface or another analog-to-digital converter).
  • It sends/inputs information into the computer.
  • This means microphones are input devices.

​Additional Information

• Speaker
  • Speakers are one of the most common output devices.
  • The purpose of speakers is to produce audio output that can be heard by the listener.
• Scanner
  • ​A scanner is an input device that scans documents such as photographs and pages of text.
  • When a document is scanned, it is converted into a digital format. 
• Joystick
  • ​A joystick is an input device.
  • It can be used for controlling the movement of the cursor or a pointer in a computer device.

The correct answer is IPC Section 354 C.

• IPC Section 354 C provides safety and punishes the offender for voyeurism watching, capturing or sharing images of a woman engaged in private acts, without her consent, when she does not expect so.
• IPC Section 354 C:
  • Voyeurism Watching, capturing or sharing images of a woman engaged in private acts, without her consent, when she does not expect so is a punishable offence
  • 1 to 3 years of jail term + Fine for the first conviction.
  • 3 to 7 years jail term + Fine for a second or subsequent conviction

Additional Information

The correct answer is Rana Kumbha.

• Rana Kumbha is related to the Kumbhalgarh festival of Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Kumbhalgarh festival:
  • The Kumbhalgarh Festival is named after Rana Kumbha who was a patron of fine arts, architecture, and learning. 
  • It is organized at the Kumbhalgarh Fort, Chittorgarh.
  • The festival is organized by the Department of Tourism of the state to promote the culture and heritage of Rajasthan. 
• Rana Kumbha (1433 AD-1468 AD):
  • He was the greatest ruler of Mewar.
  • He built the famous Vijay Stambh at Chittorgarh to commemorate his victory over Mahmud Khilji of Malwa.

Additional Information

The correct answer is A thin layer of silicon.

Key Points

• In computers, the chip is made up of a thin layer of silicon.
  • Computer chips are made of silicon, which is a semiconductor, and in order to make the most efficient use of it, chip manufacturers use sand that contains as much silicon as possible.
  • The mineral quartz is ideal for this purpose because its two main components are silicon and oxygen.
  • Silicon is used because it can be used as either an insulator (doesn't allow electricity to flow) or a semiconductor (allows a little flow of electricity).
  • This is important for making chips.
  • It is very, very cheap.
• Hence, option 2 is correct. 

Additional Information

• Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties.
  • One of its most important properties is that it is a semiconductor.
  • This means that it conducts electricity under some conditions and acts as an insulator under others.
  • It is even the most common element in the Earth's crust. 
• Lady Ada Lovelace invented looping in computer programming​.
  • Lady Ada Lovelace wrote a complete plan describing the algorithm needed to calculate the Bernoulli numbers using two loops, demonstrating the bifurcation capabilities of the analytical machine, describing how to perform trigonometric operations that made use of variables.