Question Discussion & Solution

A mountain range is a group or chain of mountains that are near together and formed by orogenic forces.

Important Points

• The Aravalli Range (sometimes called Aravali) is a mountain range in Northern-Western India.
• It runs roughly 670 kilometers (430 miles) from Delhi to Gujarat, going through southern Haryana and Rajasthan.
• Guru Shikhar, at 1,722 meters, is the tallest summit (5,650 ft).
• The Aravalli Range, which dates back to the Proterozoic era, is considered the world's oldest fold mountain system.

Additional Information

• Vindhya and Satpura ranges run parallel to each other and separate peninsular India from the mainland. 
• The Himalayas protect the Indian subcontinent from the North East as a natural barrier providing geopolitical benefits to the country.
• Vindhya, Satpura, and Himalayas are all young-fold mountains.

Hence, Aravallis is the oldest folded mountain in India.

CONCEPT:

• Electric Power: The rate at which electrical energy is dissipated into other forms of energy is called electrical power i.e.,

\(P = \frac{W}{t} = VI = {I^2}R = \frac{{{V^2}}}{R}\)

Where V = Potential difference, R = Resistance and I = current.

EXPLANATION:

• Mathematically power can be written as,

\(\Rightarrow P = \frac{W}{t} = VI \)

If, W = 1 J and t = 1 sec, then P = 1 watt

• Thus the power of an electric circuit is said to be one watt or 1 ampere - volt if one joule of energy is consumed in one second. Therefore option 1 is correct.

Bleaching powder:

• Calcium hypochlorite is known as bleaching powder.​
• It is a pale yellowish powder having a strong smell of chlorine.
• It is soluble in cold water.
• Bleaching powder reacts with dilute acids to produce chlorine.
• When bleaching powder is treated with an excess of a dilute, all the chlorine present in it is liberated.
• It is used in bleaching clothes in the laundry due to its oxidizing property.

Formula- CaOCl₂ 

Additional Information

• Washing powder: The chemical name of washing soda is Sodium carbonate Decahydrate and the chemical formulae is Na_2​CO3​.10H_2​O.
• Baking powder: Sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical term for the baking powder with chemical formulae NaHCO₃.
• Soda ash: Anhydrous Sodium carbonate is known as Soda ash with chemical formulae Na₂CO₃.

The correct answer is Its momentum is doubled.

Key Points

• Momentum is a vector quantity; it has both magnitude and direction.
• Isaac Newton’s second law of motion states that the time rate of change of momentum is equal to the force acting on the particle.
• Momentum can be calculated by multiplying the mass of an object by its forward velocity. (mv = kg*m/s).
• Mass and velocity are both directly proportional to the Momentum.
  • If you increase either mass or velocity, the Momentum of the object increases proportionally.
  • If you double the mass or velocity, you double the Momentum.
  • If you halve the mass or velocity, you half the Momentum.
• Newton's laws of motion-
  • ​Newton’s first law states that if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it is acted upon by force. This postulate is known as the law of inertia.
  • Newton’s second law is a quantitative description of the changes that a force can produce in a body's motion. It states that the time rate of change of a body's momentum is equal in both magnitude and direction to the force imposed on it. The momentum of a body is equal to the product of its mass and its velocity.
  • Newton’s third law states that when two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The third law is also known as the law of action and reaction. This law is important in analyzing static equilibrium problems, where all forces are balanced, but it also applies to bodies in uniform or accelerated motion.

Important Points

• Acceleration, the rate at which velocity changes with time in terms of both speed and direction. A point or an object moving in a straight line is accelerated if it speeds up or slows down. Motion on a circle is accelerated even if the speed is constant because the direction is continually changing.
• Kinetic energy, a form of energy that an object or a particle has because of its motion. If work, which transfers energy, is done on an object by applying a net force, the object speeds up and gains kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is a property of a moving object or particle and depends not only on its motion but also on its mass.
• Potential energy, stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system. Spring has more potential energy when it is compressed than stretched. A steel ball has more potential energy raised above the ground than it has after falling to Earth.

The correct answer is connective.

• Blood is a type of connective tissue. 

Key Points

• ​Connective tissue
  • This is a kind of biological tissue that supports, connects, or separates different types of tissues and organs of the body.
  • Examples- Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood.
• Blood has a fluid (liquid) matrix called plasma, in which red blood corpuscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs), and platelets are suspended.
  • The plasma contains proteins, salts, and hormones.
  • Blood flows and transports gases, digested food, hormones, and waste materials to different parts of the body.

Additional Information

• Epithelial tissue:
  • The epithelial tissues are formed by cells that cover the organ surface such as the surface of the skin, the airways, the reproductive tract, and the inner lining of the digestive tract.
• Muscular tissues:
  • Muscular tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles.
  • Skeletal muscle (voluntary muscles), cardiac muscle (involuntary muscles) are examples of it.
• Nervous tissue:
  • The main components of the nervous system are the brain, spinal cord, and nerves which regulate and control body functions.
  • It is made up of neurons that have important functions in the nervous system.