Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is At the district level.

• At the district level is the "Special Juvenile Police Unit" constituted under the "Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act".

• Rajasthan Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2011
  • ​Special Juvenile Police Unit:
  • (1) The State Government shall appoint a Special Juvenile Police Unit at the District level within four months of the notification of these rules and the unit shall consist of a juvenile or child welfare officer of the rank of Police Inspector and two paid social workers having experience of working in the field of child welfare, of whom one shall be a woman.
    (2) The District Child Protection Unit or the State Government shall provide services of its two social workers to the Special Juvenile Police Unit for discharging their duties.
    (3) The Juvenile or Child Welfare Officer at the Police Station shall be a person with the aptitude and appropriate training and orientation to handle the cases of juveniles or children in terms of the provisions of the Act. 

• Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000
  • The State Government of Rajasthan has made the following rules under this act, called the Rajasthan Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2011.
  • The State Government, the Juvenile Justice Board, the Child Welfare Committee or other competent authorities or agencies, as the case may be, while implementing the provisions of these rules shall abide and be guided by the principles, specified in sub-rule (2).
  • The following principles shall, interalia, be fundamental to the application, interpretation and implementation of the Act.

The correct answer is Mewar.

• The king and chieftain of Mewar gave Khurram the title of Shah Jahan in Badal Mahal on his arrival from Surat to Udaipur.

Key Points

Some important information about Khurram as follows- 

Additional Information

• Some of the battles between Mughals and Rajputs:
  • Siege of Bayana​
    • Rana Sanga led the Rajput army sieged the fortress of Bayana held by Nizam Khan in Feb 1527. 
    • Babur sent a detachment under Mohammad Sultan Mirza to relieve the fortress, the Mughal contingent failed to take the fort of Bayana.
  • Battle of Khanwa
    • Rajput Confederacy under Rana Sanga was defeated by Babur in 1527.
    • This was the largest battle ever that happened between the Mughals and Rajputs involving a total of more than 150,000 soldiers.
  • Siege of Chittorgarh
    • Akbar led the Mughal army besieged the famed Chittorgarh fort in 1567, which was then under command of Jaimal Rathore and Patta Singh Sisodia, commanders of Udai Singh.
    • The siege went on for 4 months and finally after the death of Jaimal, the fortress walls breached, that ensued Mughals emerged victoriously.
  • Siege of Ranthambore (1568)
    • Rao Surjan Hada had to surrender Ranthambore Fort to Akbar after later successfully put the fort under siege.
  • Battle of Dewair
    • The first battle of Dewair took place in 1582 between armies of Maharana Pratap and Mughal Garrison of dewair. Pratap's army defeated the Mughal army in this battle.
    • Maharana Amar Singh defended against the Mughal army led by Prince Parviz and Asaf Khan in 1606 resulted in stalemate. 

The correct answer is World’s tallest waterfall - Tugela Falls.

Key Points

• Some important tallest waterfalls and their height are as follows:-

• Angel Falls is the world's tallest uninterrupted waterfall.
  • It is the UNESCO World Heritage site in the Gran Sabana region of Bolívar State.
• Tugela Falls is the world's second tallest waterfall.

Additional Information

• Lake Superior is the largest of the Lakes of North America and among freshwater lakes.
  • Lake Superior is the world's largest by surface area and the 3rd largest by volume.
• Lake Titicaca is a deep, large freshwater lake in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Peru, often called the 'highest navigable lake' in the world.
  • By volume of water and by surface area, Titicaca is the largest lake in South America.
• Lake Tanganyika is an African Lake.
  • Tanganyika is the 2nd oldest freshwater lake in the world, the 2nd largest by volume, and the 2nd deepest, in all cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia.

The correct answer is the Helium nucleus.

• Helium nucleus was the source of alpha particles in the Rutherford scattering experiment.
• Ernest Rutherford, a British scientist conducted an experiment and proposed the atomic structure of elements.

Key Points

• Rutherford conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles.
• He then analysed the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
• Since very few α-particles were deflected back, and only a few α-particles had nearly 180^o angle of deflection.
• Hence he concluded that the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.

CONCEPT:

• Newton's first law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by any external force.
• Newton's Second Law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to the applied force in the direction of the force i.e.,

​ \(F = \frac{{dp}}{{dt}}\)

Where F = force applied, m = mass of the body, and a = acceleration produced.

• Newton's Third Law of Motion states that 'To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction'.

EXPLANATION:

• The launching of a rocket illustrates Newton’s third law of motion. Therefore the option 1 is correct.
• Newton's Third Law of Motion states that 'To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction'.
• So, when the rocket is ignited, it releases gases from its thrusters thereby creating a force that will push rocket upwards and it can gain extreme velocity using this principle.

• Newton's third law of motion is applicable irrespective of the nature of the forces. The forces of action and reactions may be mechanical, gravitational, electric, or of any other nature.
• Action and reaction always act on different bodies. If they acted on the same body, the resultant force would be zero and there could never be accelerated motion.
• The forces of action and reaction cannot cancel each other. This is because action and reaction, though equal and opposite, always act on different bodies and so cannot balance each other.
• No action can occur in the absence of a reaction.