Question Discussion & Solution

Concept:

The GROUP BY statement groups rows that have the same values into summary rows, like "find the number of customers in each country".

The GROUP BY statement is often used with aggregate functions (COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, AVG) to group the result-set by one or more columns.

GROUP BY Syntax

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
GROUP BY column_name(s)
ORDER BY column_name(s);

The ORDER BY keyword is used to sort the result-set in ascending or descending order.

The ORDER BY keyword sorts the records in ascending order by default. To sort the records in descending order, use the DESC keyword.

ORDER BY Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column1, column2, ... ASC|DESC;

The correct answer is United States.

Key Points

• The United States reclaimed the Ryder Cup in September 2021, defeating Europe 19-9.
• It’s the first time since 1979 and 1983 that Team USA won back-to-back home Ryder Cups after winning in 2016 at Hazeltine.
• The Americans lost in 2018 in France and seven of the last 10 Ryder Cups against Europe.
• This time, it is the largest margin of victory in Ryder Cup history since the 28-point format came about.

Additional Information

•  About Ryder Cup:
  • The Ryder Cup is a biennial men's golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States.
  • The competition is contested every two years with the venue alternating between courses in the United States and Europe.
  • It was first played in 1927.

The pattern is:

15

15 × 3 - 3 = 42;

42 × 4 - 4 = 164

164 × 5 - 5 = 815;

815 × 6 - 6 = 4884

The correct answer is Both 2 and 3.

Key Points

• Both mitochondria and chloroplasts  possess their own genetic material thus, they are called as semi-autonomous organelles.
• The mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA possess genes which produce the proteins necessary for the functioning of mitochondria and chloroplasts  respectively.

• Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope.
• The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending on the physiological activity of the cells.
• In terms of shape and size also, a considerable degree of variability is observed.
• Typically it is sausage-shaped or cylindrical having a diameter of 0.2-1.0µm (average 0.5µm) and length 1.0-4.1µm.
• Each mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound structure with the outer membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into two aqueous compartments, i.e. the outer compartment and the inner compartment.

The correct answer is Sodium carbonate.

Key Points

• A toothpaste is defined as a semi-solid material for removing naturally occurring deposits from teeth and is supposed to be used simultaneously with a toothbrush.
• Toothpaste generally contains the following components:
  • Water (20–40%)
  • Abrasives (50%) including aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydrogen phosphates, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica, and hydroxyapatite.
  • Fluoride (usually 1450 ppm) mainly in the form of sodium fluoride.