Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Jodhpur.

• The 'Central Arid Zone Research Institute (ICAR)' of Rajasthan is located in Jodhpur.

Key Points

• Central Arid Zone Research Institute (ICAR):
  • It was established by the Government of India in 1959.
  • Its current director is Dr. O.P. Yadav.
  • This institute does arid zone research and development.  
  • It comes under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
  • ICAR comes under the aegis of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

Here the pattern is,

The correct answer is Amir Khusro.

• Amir Khusro was a poet of the fourteenth century.

Key Points

• Amir Khusro (1253 AD-1325 AD):
  • He was a Persian associated with royal courts of more than seven rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.
  • He innovated Khayal (a style of singing).
  • In his book Tarikh-i-Alai, he gave an account of the conquest of Alauddin Khilji.
  • He also lived in the court of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq and wrote Tughlaqnamah.
  • Khusro is also known as Tuti-i-Hind or ‘Parrot of India’.
• Amir Khusro introduced many Persian Arabic ragas.
• He also invented the Sitar.

Additional Information

• Sarala Dasa was a poet of 15th-century.
  • He was also a scholar of Odia literature.
• Dhurjati was a poet of 15th and 16th centuries.
  • He was a Telugu poet in the court of the king Krishnadevaraya
  • And was one of the astadiggajalu ( "Eight Mighty Elephants "). 
• Pitambar Dvija was 15 and 16th-century poet from Assam.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Penicillin.

• Alexander Fleming was a Scottish microbiologist, physician, and pharmacologist who discovered the first antibiotic substance, Penicillin G from Penicillium notatum in 1928.
  • For this discovery, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 along with Ernst Boris Chain and Howard Florey.
• The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke.
• Nucleus was discovered by Ernest Rutherford.
• DNA structure was discovered by Watson and Crick.

The correct answer is Brahmi.​

• The Edicts of Ashoka are in total 33 inscriptions written on the Pillars, boulders, and cave walls of the Mauryan Period, during the reign of the Emperor Ashok that are dispersed throughout the Indian Sub-continent covering India, Pakistan, and Nepal.
  • Inscriptions found in the eastern parts of the Mauryan empire are written using the Brahmi script in Magadhi language.
  • While in the western parts of the empire, the script used is Kharoshti, written in Prakrit. To add to the variety, one extract in the Edict 13 is written in Greek and Aramaic.
• A notable thing in these inscriptions is, that Ashoka refers to himself in many of these inscriptions as “Devampiyaa” which means “Beloved of the Gods” and “King Piyadassi.”
• The world came to know of these details of the Mauryan empire and Ashoka when the edicts and inscriptions were decoded by British Archaeologist James Princep. 

Key Points

• These edicts have mentioned that Buddhism as a religion had reached as far as the Mediterranean under the Ashokan reign.
• Many Buddhist monuments had been created in the wide-spread area.
• In these edicts, Buddhism and the Buddha are also mentioned.
• But primarily these edicts focus more on social and moral precepts rather than the religious practices (or the philosophical dimension) of Buddhism during Ashoka’s reign.