Question Discussion & Solution

• Vitamin is an organic non-protein substance that is required by an organism for normal metabolic function but cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantity by that organism. 
• These can be divided into two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.

Fat-Soluble vitamins

• Fat-soluble vitamins are soluble in fats.
• They are absorbed by fat globules that travel through the small intestines and into the general blood circulation within the body.
• Unlike water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body when they are not in use.
• Vitamin A, D, E K are fat-soluble.

Water-soluble vitamins

• Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, which means these vitamins and nutrients dissolve quickly in the body.
• Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are carried to the body’s tissues, but the body cannot store them.
• Any excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins simply pass through the body
• Vitamin B and Vitamin C are water-soluble.

Key Points

Thus, the disease caused due to deficiency of Vitamin B1 is Beri Beri.

The correct answer is First.

• In the year 2017-18, Rajasthan was the largest millet producing state of India.

Key Points

• Rajasthan was followed by Maharashtra and Karnataka.
• The year 2023 will be observed as the International Year of Millets. 
• The Central Government declared 2018 as the year of millets. 
• Millet Mission comes under the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) which was launched in October 2007. 
• Millets include Jowar and ragi etc.

Additional Information 

• Types of Crops in India:
  • Kharif: Sown in June/July, harvested in September/October, e.g., rice, jowar, bajra, ragi, maize, cotton, and jute.
  • Rabi: Sown in October/December, harvested in April/May, e.g., wheat, barley, peas, rapeseed, mustard grains.
  • Zyad: They are raised between April/June, e.g., melons, watermelons, cucumbers, toor, leafy and other vegetables.

Explanation:

• Dynamite is an explosive which is used in mining, quarrying, construction and demolition industries. 
• It is made of Nitroglycerin, sorbents and stabilizers. 
• It was invented by Swedish Chemist Sir Alfred Nobel on whose memory the Nobel Prize has been constituted. 
• Nitro Glycerin: C3H5N3O9

The correct answer is Vitamin C.

Important Points

• Scurvy is a nutritional disorder of humankind.
  • Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C
  • Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of vitamin C.
  • Vitamin C is the first artificially synthesized vitamin.
  • Vitamin C is essential for the healing of wounds, repair, and maintenance of cartilage, bone, and teeth.
  • Vitamin C deteriorated through cooking and canning of food.

Additional Information 

• Xerophthalmia and night blindness are the deficiency diseases of Vitamin A.
• Rickets is the deficiency diseases of Vitamin D.
• Hemorrhage is the deficiency diseases of Vitamin K.

The correct answer is Tartaric acid.

• Tartaric acid is an organic acid that is white and crystalline.

Key Points

• It is found naturally in many fruits like grapes, bananas, tamarind, etc.
• This acid is added to foods as an antioxidant and to give its distinctive sour taste.
• Crystals and powders are prepared by a chemical process.
• It is also added to food for preservation.
• It is also a good antioxidant and is beneficial for kidneys.
• It helps to absorb minerals in the body.
• It is also helpful in controlling problems related to gases in the body.