Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A.

Key Points

Important Points

• Aravali Mountain Region-
  • Its Geographical structure is firstly explained by A.M.Heran in 1923 AD.
  • It is compared with American Aplesian Mountain.
  • The Aravali Range is a northeast-southwest trending organic belt that is located in the northwestern part of the Indian Peninsula.
  • It extends in Rajasthan from 23° 20' north axis to 28° 20' north axis and 72° 10' eastern longitude to 77° eastern longitude.

The correct answer is 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Key Points

•  Lakes in Rajasthan:
  • Rajasthan is the aridest state of India with an average yearly rainfall of less than 100 cm.
  • However, Rajasthan has a large number of lakes mostly artificial as well as historical, signifying a tradition of conserving natural resources and respecting nature.
  • The lakes in Rajasthan can be divided into types Saline and Freshwater lakes.
  • Types of Lakes in Rajasthan:
    • Saline (Salt) Water lakes
    • These are considered as remains of Tethys Sea.
    • Deedwana, Lunkaransar, Sambhar, Panchpadra, etc.
    • Fresh (Sweet) Water lakes
    • They have either developed naturally or artificially and get replenished by rainwater.
    • Pichhola, Jaisamand, Rajsamand, Ana Sagar etc.
  • A contentious decision of the Udaipur Urban Improvement Trust to redefine and protect the boundaries of the famous Pichola and Fateh Sagar lakes at their full tank level has led to 30% shrinkage in their size and reduced their submergence area to 4.5 sq. km and 2.5 sq. km, respectively.
  • The subsequent construction activities on the lakefront land have changed the ecological character of the once beautiful lakes.
  • The increasing threat to the lake ecosystem in the City of Lakes, which is a globally renowned tourist destination.
  • The entire lake system, comprising Pichola, Fateh Sagar, Swaroop Sagar, Badi, and Udai Sagar, should be restored to the maximum water level with the erection of pillars, and the lakefront is left undisturbed for nesting and breeding activities of local and migratory birds. Hence, statements 1, 2, 3 and 4 is correct.

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The correct answer is Dungarpur - Banswara.

Key Points

• Mixed red and black soils are found in Dungarpur - Banswara.

Additional Information 

• Red Loamy Soil:
  • Southern Part of Rajasthan in Dungarpur, Banswara, Udaipur.
  • It lacks nitrogen and phosphorous and there is an excess of iron elements.
  • This soil has moisture-holding capacity.
  • By giving chemical fertilizer and irrigation in this type of soil rice, cotton, maize, wheat, sugarcane, etc. can be produced.
• Saline Soil:
  • South-Western Part of Rajasthan in Jalore Barmer.
  • This type of soil has a high amount of alkaline salts.
  • It is infertile, not suitable for cultivation.
  • Only shrubs grow in this soil.
• Sandy Soil:
  • Found in North-Western Part of Rajasthan in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur.
  • Soil particles are thick.
  • Less water holding capacity.
  • The soil lacks nitrogen and has calcium salts.

The correct answer is ​Lunkaransar.

Key Points

• Rajasthan on 3 October 2014 became the first state of India to start an olive refinery.
• The refinery was established at an expense of 3.75 crore rupees in the Lunkaransar area of Bikaner. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
• The olive oil produced in the refinery will be marked under the brand name Raj Olive Oil and would be made available in the market after some time.
• Rajasthan is one of the leading states that cultivate olive.
• The state started cultivation of olive in 2007 under an olive cultivation project that was launched during the previous tenure of Vasundhara Raje as the Chief Minister of the state.
• The project was started by taking the assistance of Israel and planted 1.12 lakh saplings in 7 agro-climatic zones.

Additional Information

• At present, Olive has been planted in 282 hectares of land in districts like Jhunjhunu, Nagaur, Bikaner, and other districts of the state.
• The state has seven leading varieties namely Barnea, Arbequina, Cortina, Picholine, Picual, Coraniki, and Frontoy.
• Now the government wants to increase the area to 5000 hectares so that the refinery would get more fruits to increase production.
• Olive is a small tree and belongs to the Oleaceae family.

The correct answer A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii)

Key Points

White cement factory:

• The white cement factory is situated in Gotan, Nagaur district of Rajasthan.
• This is just a variety of ordinary cement and it is prepared from such raw materials which are practically free from colouring oxides of iron, manganese, or chromium.
• For the burning of this cement, oil fuel is used instead of coal.
• It is white in colour and it is used for floor finish, plasterwork, ornamental work, etc. It should not be set earlier than 30 minutes.

lead-zinc:

• The lead-zinc deposits are in Rajpura-Dariba. It is located about 75 kilometres northeast of Udaipur, in the state of Rajasthan. 

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals:

• Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals, one of the largest private-sector fertilizer producing companies in Bharat, is located in Kota.
• It s three hi-tech nitrogenous fertilizer plants are located at Gadepan in the Kota district of Rajasthan.

Textile:

• Bhilwara is famous for its textile in the Indian state of Rajasthan.
• It has the highest number of textile companies and highest textile production in Rajasthan.
• That's why it's called the 'textile city of Rajasthan'. 
• From a cotton textile point of view, Bhilwara is called the Manchester of Rajasthan.