Question Discussion & Solution

LAN :

• LAN stands for Local Area Network.
• It's a group of computers which belong to the same organisation, and are linked within a small geographic area using a network using the same technology (Ethernet).
• E.g. Wi-Fi

MAN :

• MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) connect multiple geographically nearby LANs to one another at high speeds.
• A MAN lets two remote nodes communicate as if they were part of the same local area network.
• E.g. microwave antenna on a TV news van, extended high in the air, beaming video and sound back to the main TV studio.

WAN:

• A WAN (Wide Area Network or extended network) connects multiple LANs to one another over great geographic distances.
• WANs operate using routers, which can "choose" the most appropriate path for data to take to reach a network node.
• E.g.: Internet

PAN:

• A personal area network (PAN) is a network used for data transmission amongst devices such as computers, telephones, tablets, personal digital assistants, fax machines and printers, that are located close to a single user

E.g. Bluetooth

The correct answer is Banas- Banganga Basin.

• Eastern Plains
  • Banas- Banganga Basin
  • Chambal Basin
  • Madhya Mahi Basin

Key Points

Western Sandy Plains of Rajasthan

• On the basis of the existing relief features, Rajasthan has been divided into
• The following physiographic divisions:
  • Western Sandy Plains: The Western Sandy Plains is subdivided into two units:
    • Sandy Arid Plains 
    • Marusthali
• Semi-Arid Transitional Plains (Rajasthan Bagar)
  • Luni Basin (Godwar Tract)
  • Plain of Interior Drainage (Shekhawati Tract)
  • Ghaggar Plain​

Important Points

• More than 60% of the Thar desert lies in the state of Rajasthan and extends into Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana.
• The maximum area is covered in Rajasthan and the area of the total cover is 208,110 km.
  • covering the districts of Barmer, Jaisalmer, Jalor, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Ganganagar, Churu, Jhunjhunun, Sikar, Nagaur, and Pali.

The correct answer is Mirage.

• To a distant observer, the light appears to be coming from somewhere below the ground.
• The observer naturally assumes that light is being reflected from the ground, say, by a pool of water near the tall object.
• Such inverted images of distant tall objects cause an optical illusion to the observer.
• This phenomenon is called a mirage.
•  The optical illusion which occurs mainly in the desert during hot summer is based on the principle of TIR i.e total internal reflection.
• This type of mirage is especially common in hot deserts.

Additional Information

• Total Internal Reflection (TIR): When a ray of light goes from denser to the rarer medium it bends away from the normal and as the angle of incidence in denser medium increases, the angle of refraction in the rarer medium also increases and at a certain angle, angle of refraction becomes 90°, this angle of incidence is called critical angle (C).
• When the Angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle then the light ray comes back into the same medium after reflection from the interface. This phenomenon is called Total internal reflection (TIR).
• Conditions for TIR: 
  1. The ray must travel from denser medium to rarer medium.
  2. The angle of incidence 'i' must be greater than the critical angle C.

The correct answer is 23.3 N to 30.12 N.

Key Points

•  The total area of Rajasthan is 3,42,239 sq km.
• The Rajasthan geographical location
  • 23.3 N to 30.12 North latitude
  • 69.30 E to 78.17 East longitude

Additional Information

• Rajasthan is the largest state in India.
  • The Present Rajasthan was made on 1 November 1956.
  • In geographical knowledge, it was once a part of Gondwana land.
    • Gondwana used to be the southern part of the supercontinent Pangea.
  • Rajasthan's shape looks like an irregular Rhomboid or Rhombus.

The correct answer is 68 Assembly Constituencies.

• As of June 2020, the state of Himachal Pradesh has been divided into 68 Assembly Constituencies.

Key Points

• Himachal Pradesh:
  • In 1970, the Union Territory of Himachal Pradesh was elevated to the status of the state.
  • Its summer capital is Shimla.
  • Its winter capital is Dharamshala.
  • It has a total of 4 Lok Sabha seats and 3 Rajya Sabha seats.
  • Current Governor: Bandaru Dattatreya
  • Current Chief Minister: Jai Ram Thakur