Question Discussion & Solution

Logic:

Train, Bus, and Boat are all vehicles,

Whereas a wheel is not a vehicle but a part of it.

Hence, "Wheel" is the odd word.

The relation among the given numbers is:

1 × 2 = 2

2 % 3 = 2

2 × 4 = 8

8 % 5 = 3

3 × 6 = 18

18 % 7 = 4

4 × 8 = 32

32 % 9 = 5

(where ‘%’ is the modulo or the remainder operator.)

The correct answer is Fermentation.

Key Points

• Fermentation:
  • The biological process, in which sugar molecules are converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide with the help of some microbes like yeast and bacteria is called alcohol fermentation.
  • It is an anaerobic process. i.e. it occurs in the absence of oxygen.
  • The process is governed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase
  • Alcoholic fermentation has many uses such as for the production of alcoholic beverages, ethanol fuel, and bread cooking.

Additional Information

• Moulding:
  • ​Moulding is a typical process in which a type of fungus that grows surface of fruits and vegetable.
  • These tubular branches have multiple, genetically identical nuclei, yet form a single organism, known as a colony.
  • In contrast, yeast is a type of fungus that grows as a single cell.
• Nitrogen Fixation:
  • Nitrogen fixation is the chemical process by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle. 
  • Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by several methods like biological N2 fixation, Industrial N2 fixation & Electrical N2 fixation.
  • It is a necessary process, as the fixed nitrogen is used in the biosynthesis of several organic compounds like amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.
• Transcription:
  • ​The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed transcription or mRNA synthesis.
  • The process of transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the template DNA strand and begins to catalyze the production of complementary RNA.
  • It is completed in three steps Initiation, Elongation & Termination.

The correct answer is Section 7.

• Section 7 (1) and (2) of the Family Courts Act of 1984, describes the kind of disputes over which the family court has jurisdiction.
• It states that a family court shall have and can exercise the jurisdiction exercisable by any district court or any subordinate civil court under any law.

Key Points

• The jurisdiction is exercisable by the magistrate of the First class relating to the order for maintenance of wife, children, and parents. Any such jurisdiction that may be conferred on it by any other enactment or amendment.
• As per the Family Court Act, 1984, section 7 (c) deals explicitly with the issues related to the property disputes of the parties to the marriage.
• The conflict that arises after the decree of divorce is passed. To deal with the property matter of the parties of the marriage, the family court should exercise its jurisdiction by satisfying two conditions: 
  • The property dispute must be between the parties to the marriage only.
  • The dispute should be with respect to the property of either of the parties.

• It should be noted that the family court has no jurisdiction to deal with the property matters between the members of the joint family.

The correct answer is Boiling point increases.

Key Points

• When salt is added to water the boiling point of the solution increases.
• Water boils when the molecules can overcome the vapour pressure of the surrounding air to move from liquid to gaseous phase.
• Salt dissolves in water because the covalent bond of water is stronger than the ionic bond in salt.
• NaCl easily dissociates into positive (Na+) and negative (Cl–) ions and these ions get surrounded by negative and positive charged sides of the water molecule.
• This affects the intermolecular attraction in water and the amount of energy required for the transition from liquid to vapour phase increases.

Additional Information

• Elevation in the boiling point refers to a condition where the temperature at which a solvent vaporizes is upraised.  
• This phenomenon is a result of the introduction of a non-volatile solute is to the pure solvent.
• The non-volatile solute on adding to the pure solvent disturbs the molecular interaction between the solvent molecule. 
• This reduces the capability of the solvent molecule to transform from the liquid phase to the gaseous phase. The vapour pressure of the solvent is brought down. 
• Thus more energy is required to vaporize the solvent. This energy is provided in the form of an increase in temperature.