Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is ​Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Points

• ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION
  • Some provisions of the Constitution pertaining to citizenship, elections, provisional parliament, temporary and transitional provisions, and short title
  • contained in Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 came into force on November 26, 1949 itself.
  • The remaining provisions (the major part) of the Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950.
  • This day is referred to in the Constitution as the ‘date of its commencement and celebrated as Republic Day.
  • January 26 was specifically chosen as the ‘date of commencement of the Constitution because of its historical importance. Hence Assertion is correct 
  • It was on this day in 1930 that Purna Swaraj day was celebrated, following the resolution of the Lahore Session (December 1929) of the INC. Hence R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas (26th November) is also known as National Law Day. The day commemorates the adoption of the Constitution in India. On this day in 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India formally adopted the Constitution of India.

The correct answer is B.N. Rao.

Key Points

• BN Rao was elected by the Constituent Assembly as its constitutional advisor.
  • The Constituent Assembly was a partly elected and partly nominated body.
  • The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on 9 December 1946.
  • The Muslim League boycotted the meeting and insisted on a separate state of Pakistan.
  • Thus only 211 members attended the meeting.
  • Later on 11 December 1946 Dr. Rajendra Prasad and H.C. Mukherjee was elected as the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly respectively.
  • Vallabhbhai Patel was the President of the Provincial Constitution Committee
  • Jawaharlal Nehru was the chairman of the Central Constitution Committee.

Additional Information

• In 1934, M N Roy first proposed the idea of a constituent assembly. Under the Cabinet Mission plan of 1946, elections were held for the formation of the constituent assembly.
• On 24 January 1950, The Indian Constituent Assembly adopted "Vande Mataram " as a national song.
• Drafting Committee:
  • The Drafting Committee had seven members:
    • Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar, N. Gopalaswami, B.R. Ambedkar, K.M Munshi, Mohammad Saadulla, B.L. Mitter, and D.P. Khaitan.
  • At its first meeting on 30th August 1947, the Drafting Committee elected B.R Ambedkar as its Chairman. 

The correct answer is The direction and control of preparation of electoral roles and conduct of all elections to Panchayats shall be vested in the Election Commission of India.

 Key Points

• The direction and control of preparation of electoral roles and conduct of all elections to Panchayats shall be vested in the Election Commission of the state (Article 243K). Hence Option 2 is incorrect.

  Important Points

• Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) is a system of rural local self-government in India.
• PRI was constitutionalized through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 to build democracy at the grassroots level and was entrusted with the task of rural development in the country.
• Basic units of democratic system-Gram Sabhas (villages) and Ward Committees (Municipalities) comprising all the adult members registered as voters.
• The three-tier system of panchayats at the village, intermediate block/taluk/Mandal, and district levels except in States with the population is below 20 lakhs (Article 243B).
• Seats shall be reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) and the chairpersons of the Panchayats at all levels in proportion to their population.
• One-third of the total number of seats to be reserved for women.
• One-third of the seats reserved for SCs and STs shall also be reserved for women.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP):
  • Articles 36-51 of Part-IV of the Indian Constitution deals with Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
  • They are borrowed from the constitution of Ireland. 
  • DPSP's are non-justiciable and are enforceable in the court of law.
  • They act as directives to the government to create any law.
  • They act as the ‘instrument of instructions’.
  • Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Directive Principles as a “Novel Feature” of the Constitution. 
• The Directive Principles are classified on the basis of their ideological source and objectives.
• For the sake of making their study convenient, we can broadly place them in four categories, These are;
  • Economic and Socialist Principles;
  • Directives Based on Gandhian Principles;
  • Directive Principles relating to International Peace; and
  • Liberal-Intellectual Principles.

The Correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.

 Key Points

• CACP recommends MSP to Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) and its decision/recommendations are not binding.
• It is a statutory body under the Ministry of Agriculture.

 Important Points

Planning Commission

• The Planning Commission of India was set up by a Resolution of the Government of India in March 1950.
• The planning commission was an autonomous body, which worked closely with the union and state cabinets and had full knowledge of their policies.
• Institutionally it was a part of the cabinet organization and the ‘demands for grants’ for the PC were included in the budget for the cabinet secretariat.

NABARD

• NABARD is a development bank focussing primarily on the rural sector of the country.
• It is the apex banking institution to provide finance for Agriculture and rural development. Its headquarter is located in Mumbai.
• It is a statutory body established in 1982 under Parliamentary act-National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act, 1981.