Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is the Helium nucleus.

• Helium nucleus was the source of alpha particles in the Rutherford scattering experiment.
• Ernest Rutherford, a British scientist conducted an experiment and proposed the atomic structure of elements.

Key Points

• Rutherford conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles.
• He then analysed the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
• Since very few α-particles were deflected back, and only a few α-particles had nearly 180^o angle of deflection.
• Hence he concluded that the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.

Concept

The eight primitive data types supported by the Java programming language are:

• byte: The byte data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -128 and a maximum value of 127 (inclusive). 

• short: The short data type is a 16-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -32,768 and a maximum value of 32,767 (inclusive).

• int: By default, the int data type is a 32-bit signed two's complement integer, which has a minimum value of -231 and a maximum value of 231-1. In Java SE 8 and later, you can use the int data type to represent an unsigned 32-bit integer, which has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 232-1. .

• long: The long data type is a 64-bit two's complement integer. The signed long has a minimum value of -263 and a maximum value of 263-1. In Java SE 8 and later, you can use the long data type to represent an unsigned 64-bit long, .

• float: The float data type is a single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754 floating point.

• double: The double data type is a double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point. For decimal values, this data type is generally the default choice. 

• boolean: The boolean data type has only two possible values: true and false. 

• char: The char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character. It has a minimum value of '\u0000' (or 0) and a maximum value of '\uffff' (or 65,535 inclusive).

Hence there are 8 primitive data types, that is, byte, short, int, long, float, double, boolean and char

Additional Information

Non-primitive data types - such as String, Arrays, ArrayList, Integer, Long,  etc.

The correct answer is A thin layer of silicon.

Key Points

• In computers, the chip is made up of a thin layer of silicon.
  • Computer chips are made of silicon, which is a semiconductor, and in order to make the most efficient use of it, chip manufacturers use sand that contains as much silicon as possible.
  • The mineral quartz is ideal for this purpose because its two main components are silicon and oxygen.
  • Silicon is used because it can be used as either an insulator (doesn't allow electricity to flow) or a semiconductor (allows a little flow of electricity).
  • This is important for making chips.
  • It is very, very cheap.
• Hence, option 2 is correct. 

Additional Information

• Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties.
  • One of its most important properties is that it is a semiconductor.
  • This means that it conducts electricity under some conditions and acts as an insulator under others.
  • It is even the most common element in the Earth's crust. 
• Lady Ada Lovelace invented looping in computer programming​.
  • Lady Ada Lovelace wrote a complete plan describing the algorithm needed to calculate the Bernoulli numbers using two loops, demonstrating the bifurcation capabilities of the analytical machine, describing how to perform trigonometric operations that made use of variables.

The correct answer is Baran.

Key Points

• Shergarh Sanctuary:
  • It is located in Baran district, near Shergarh town. 
  • It was declared as a protected area in 1983.
  • This sanctuary is home to tiger, leopard, wild boar, sloth bear, chital, python, and other animals.

Additional Information

• Other Wildlife sanctuaries in Rajasthan:

Arrow moves one, two, three, four, and five sequentially anticlockwise. The arrow head change in a sequence of filled circle → Filled arrow → Open arrow

Next figure is gap of five with open arrow.