Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is to Correct the eye defects.

• Lenses are widely used in spectacle to correct eye defects.
• There are three common defects of vision that can be corrected with the help of suitable spherical lenses (convex lenses or concave lenses).
• Myopia is also known as Short-sightedness or nearsightedness.
  • Due to this defect, the person cannot see the distant objects clearly but he/she can see the nearby objects clearly.
  • The far point of the eye having myopia is less than infinity.
  • The defect is caused due to the high converging power of eye-lens or due to the eyeball being too long.
  • It can be corrected by making use of spectacles containing concave lenses.
• Hypermetropia is also known as Long-sightedness or farsightedness.
  • Due to this defect, the person cannot see the nearby objects clearly but he/she can see the distant objects clearly.
  • The near point of a hypermetropic eye is more than 25 centimetres away.
  • The defect is caused due to the low converging power of eye-lens or due to the eye-ball being too short.
  • It can be corrected by making use of spectacles containing convex lenses.
• Presbyopia is a vision disease caused mostly in old age.
  • The ciliary muscles become weak and the eye-lens become rigid and the eye loses its power of accommodation in old age in this vision defect.
  • In Presbyopia the person cannot see the nearby objects clearly due to loss of power of accommodation of the eye.
  • The near point of the old person having presbyopia gradually reduces and becomes much more than 25 centimetres away.
  • It can be corrected by making use of spectacles containing convex lenses.
• A person suffering from both Myopia and Hypermetropia uses spectacles having bifocal lenses in which the upper part consists of a concave lens to correct myopia and the lower part consists of a convex lens to correct hypermetropia.

The correct answer is option 4.

Explanation:

• Compact Disc-Recordable (CD-R) technology is known as Write Once-Read Many (WORM), which allows you to write data onto a disk just once that can not be erased.
• CD-R discs are blank CDs that can record data written by a CD burner. After that, the data is permanent and can be read any number of times. ​

Additional Information

• The data burned onto a CD-R disc is permanent.

• CD-RW Stands for "Compact Disc Re-Writable."
  • A CD-RW is a blank CD that can be written to by a CD burner. 
  • CD-RW can be written multiple times.
• CD-ROM Stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory."
  • A CD-ROM is a CD that can be read by a computer with an optical drive. 

• ​Another term of Worm (termed as 'malware') A computer worm is a malicious virus, that is a self-replicating software program that affects the functions of hardware and software programs.​​

The correct answer is Stapes.

• Stapes is the smallest bone in the human body.

Key Points

• The smallest bone in the human body is called stapes, located in the middle ear.
• The size of the staples is 3mm × 2.5 mm. 
• There are three bones in the middle ear, ​Malleus, Stapes, and Incus.
• ​The Stapes is the smallest of the three bones and it looks like a bell.​
• It is the innermost bone of our auditory ossicles in the middle ear, which are responsible for transmitting sound waves from the air outside to the fluid-filled labyrinth (cochlea).

​
Additional Information

• The malleus or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum.
  • The word is Latin for hammer or mallet.
  • It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus.
• The incus, also known as the “anvil,” is the middle of three small bones in the middle ear.
  • The incus transmits vibrations from the malleus to the stapes.
• In anatomy, the scapula (plural scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder bone, shoulder blade, wing bone, or blade bone,
  • It is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).
• The rib cage is the arrangement of ribs attached to the vertebral column and sternum in the thorax of most vertebrates that encloses and protects vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and great vessels.
• The hip bone (os coxae, innominate bone, pelvic bone, or coxal bone) is a large irregular bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. In some vertebrates (including humans before puberty).
• it is composed of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and the pubis.

The correct answer is 100.

• 100 per cent share of the Central Government in the 'Sambhar wetland project' under the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012 - 2017).

Additional Information 

• The objectives of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan were:
  • To create 50 million new work opportunities in the non-farm sector.
  • To remove gender and social gap in school enrolment.
  • To enhance access to higher education.
  • To reduce malnutrition among children aged 0–3 years.
  • To provide electricity to all villages.
  • To ensure that 50% of the rural population has access to proper drinking water.
  • To increase green cover by 1 million hectares every year.
  • To provide access to banking services to 90% of households.

Explanation:

• Dynamite is an explosive which is used in mining, quarrying, construction and demolition industries. 
• It is made of Nitroglycerin, sorbents and stabilizers. 
• It was invented by Swedish Chemist Sir Alfred Nobel on whose memory the Nobel Prize has been constituted. 
• Nitro Glycerin: C3H5N3O9