Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Write-Once Read-Many.

Key Points

• CDs are also known as WORM discs, for “Write Once Read Many.”
• A rewritable version based on excitable crystals and known as CD-RW was introduced in the mid-1990s.
• In computer storage media, WORM (write once, read many) is a data storage technology that allows information to be written to a disc a single time and prevents the drive from erasing the data.

Additional Information

Some important abbreviations used in Computer:

• BIOS - Basic Input Output System
• CAD - Computer-Aided Design
• EDVAC - Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Calculator
• EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
• FORTRAN - FORmula TRANslation
• GPRS - General Packet Radio Service 

The correct answer is Esc.

Key Points

• Esc key does not appear in duplicate on a standard QWERTY keyboard.
• QWERTY is a keyboard design for Latin-script alphabets.
• The name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top left letter row of the keyboard (Q W E R T Y).
• The QWERTY design is based on a layout created for the Sholes and Glidden typewriter and sold to E. Remington and Sons in 1873.

Additional Information

• Esc is a key found on the top-left corner of a computer keyboard.
• It allows the user to abort, cancel, or close an operation.
• For example, if a web page was loading slow on an Internet browser, pressing the Escape key stops the download. 

The correct answer is Second.

Key Points

• Second Generation(1955-1964):
  • The computer made in the second generation was completely based upon transistors.
  • Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computers.
  • It was invented at Bell Labs by Walter H. Brattain (1902-1987), John Bardeen (1908-1991), and William B. Shockley (1910-1989) in 1947.
  • In the computers of the second generation, punched cards and printouts were used for inputs and outputs.
  • The TX-0 was the first computer that used transistors, It was released in 1956.
  • These second-generation machines were used for a wide variety of business and scientific jobs and used high-level programming and assembly languages such as FORTRAN (Formula Translator) and COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language).
  • The second-generation computers had several features:
    • ​Computers made in the second generation used transistors that made them more reliable, smaller in size, faster in speed, more energy-efficient, and cheaper compared to the first generation of computers.
    • They contain magnetic storage disks and magnetic core memory.
    • They used high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL and allowed communication with the help of a telephone line.
    • As compared to the first generation of computers, the data processing time reduced from milliseconds to microseconds.

Additional Information

• First Generation(1942-1955): 
  • The first-generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
  • They were often enormous and taking up the entire room.
  •  First-generation computers relied on machine language.
  • They were very expensive to operate and in addition to using a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.
  •  The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing devices.
• Third Generation(1964-1975):
  • ​The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers.
  • Transistors were miniaturized and placed on Silicon chips called semiconductors.
  • Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacted with third-generation computers through keyboards and monitors and interfaced with an operating system.
  •  It allowed the device to run many different applications at one time.
• Fourth Generation(1971- up to till now):
  • The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
  • The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the components of the computer.
  • From the central processing unit and memory to input/output controls on a single chip.
  • Fourth-generation computers also saw the development of GUIs, the mouse, and handheld devices.

The correct answer is RAM.

• RAM is a volatile memory while ROM is a non-volatile memory.
• While RAM allows the computer to read data to run applications, ROM stores all the application which is required to start the computer initially.
• RAM can perform both read and write operations on the information stored in it.
• ROM allows the user to read the information but not write the information. It is used to store permanent information, which is non-erasable.
• MROM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM are different types of ROMs.

The correct answer is 8.

• 1 byte is equal to 8 bits.
• A byte is a unit of information in computer storage and processing and contains 8 bits.

Additional Information