Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is an operating system.

• Linux is an operating system.

Key Points

• Linux was created in 1991 by  Linus Torvalds and the Free Software Foundation (FSF).
  • It is an open-source Unix-like operating system.
  • An operating system help users interact with the computer.

Additional Information

• Machine language and Assembly language are an example of a low-level language.
  • Machine language is a low-level language that is comprised of binary digits i.e. ones and zeros. 
  • An assembly language is a language designed for a specific type of processor.

The correct answer is Joint Photographic Experts Group.

Key Points

• JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.
  • It is a computer graphics file format.
  • JPEG is a lossy compression method widely used for digital photographs.
  • In JPEG, the image is compressed to make a smaller file.
  • Compression results in a loss of quality, however, so it is usually undetectable.
  • JPEG files are widely used on the Internet, and JPEG is a popular digital camera format, making it ideal for non-professional printing and web use.
  • JPEG format is best for web images, non-professional printing, e-mail, PowerPoint.
  • The extensions ".jpeg" and ".jpg" are used for JPEG files.

Additional Information

• PNG (Portable Network Graphics) files are a lossless picture format that was created to replace and improve upon the gif format.
• GIF files (Graphics Interchange Format) are used for web graphics and can be animated and transparent.
• BMP (Bitmap Image File) is a file format designed by Microsoft for Windows that does not compress or lose information, allowing images to have very high quality while simultaneously having very large file sizes.

The correct answer is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

Key Points

• A network protocol is a set of rules that determine how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an internet protocol that helps to send email between servers on the internet.
• SMTP is used as a message transfer agent.
• SMTP is an application layer protocol.
• It is always working on listening mode.
• It provides a set of codes that simplify the communication of email messages between email servers.
• The message can move in steps from one computer to its destination using the “store and forward” feature
• The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an Internet Protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server.

Additional Information 

• The examples of important internet protocols are:
  • HTTPS.
  • File Transfer Protocol.
  • Address Resolution Protocol.
  • Wireless Application Protocol.
  • POP3.
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the foundation of data communication for the world wide web.
  • It is a stateless protocol.
• Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information between autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet.
• Real-Time Protocol (RTP) is a protocol designed to handle real-time traffic (like audio and video) of the Internet.

The correct answer is Cache memory.

• ​Cache memory is a high-speed storage area for temporary storage.
  • It is the smaller and fastest memory component in the computer.
  • It is used during the reading and writing processes from the disk.
  • It acts as a buffer between RAM and the CPU.

Additional Information

• Flash drive is popularly known as a pen drive.
• A pen drive is also called a USB flash drive.
  • It is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated USB interface.
•  The RAM is a read/write memory.
  • The CPU can change the contents of the RAM at any time.
  • RAM is volatile.
• Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile and retains its information even after the power is turned off.

The correct answer is Motherboard.

Key Points

• The motherboard allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.
• A motherboard (also called mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard, planar board, logic board, or mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.
• It holds and allows communication between many crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. 

Additional Information

• Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
• System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
• A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program.