Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is the Neemuchana massacre.

• Neemuchana is situated near Alwar where the armies of the princely state and the Britishers open fire on innocent people.

Key Points

• At the time of settlement in 1924, taxes on farmers were increased by 25%.
• This aroused a spirit of rebellion among the peasants and Shekhawati Rajputs.
• 'Kisan Sabha' was organized on 16 May 1925 in Neemuchana where armies of princely states and Britishers open fire on innocent people.

 Mangarhdham massacre is known as the 'Jallianwala Bagh tragedy of Rajasthan' but it took place in 1908 and Mahatma Gandhi did not address it as mentioned in the question.

• Vikramshila University was founded by the Pala King, Dharmapala in the late 8th or early 9th century.
• It was situated at Bhagalpur, Bihar.
• It was one of the largest Buddhist universities with more than 100 teachers and about 1000 students.
• The university prospered for around four centuries and was later destroyed by Bakhtiyar Khilji.

The correct answer is Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Key Points

• The Home Rule Movement was started by Bal Gangadhar tilak in April 1916 at Poona.
• It was started by Annie Besant and Subramaniyam Swami at Adyar, Madras in September 1916.
• The movement lasted for about 2 years from 1916-1918.
• It aimed at establishing self-government (home rule) through conducting seminars, distributing pamphlets etc.
• The movement led to the Montague Declaration of 1917, wherein the British government decided to increase the association of Indians in every branch of administration for the progressive realisation of responsible government.

 Thus, we can say that the Home Rule Movement was started in Poona by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

​The correct answer is 1739.

• In 1739 Nadir Shah invaded India and sacked Delhi.
  • The Battle of Karnal, was a decisive victory for Nader Shah, the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran, during his invasion of India.
  • Nadir Shah advanced towards India in 1738. He captured the western frontiers of the Mughal Empire such as Kabul, Ghazni, Lahore in 1739.
  • The two forces of Nadir Shah and Muhammad Shah met at Karnal. At the battle of Karnal on 13 February 1739, Nadir Shah easily outnumbered the Mughal forces.
  • The battle lasted for less than three hours and the Mughal emperor, Muhammad Shah surrendered. Both the rulers now entered Delhi on 12 March 1739 and Delhi was handed over to Nadir Shah, along with all its treasures.
  • In 1739, Nadir Shah, the emperor of Iran, conquered and enslaved the city of Delhi and took away immense quantities of money.
  • Shah's army had easily defeated the Mughals in the battle of Karnal and in the aftermath of the battle, would eventually capture the Mughal Capital.

Key Points

• The whole city of Delhi was destroyed, looted, plundered, and ruined by the army of Nadir Shah.
• Nadir Shah took with him the Peacock throne built by Shah Jahan. He also took the legendary Koh-i-Noor diamond.
• Besides this, he plundered gold worth 10 million rupees, 600 million rupees worth of jewellery, and coins worth 6 million rupees.
• Historians said that his overall collection after invading India, was 700 million rupees worth, including 7000 craftsmen, 200 carpenters, 100 stone-cutters, and thousands of elephants, horses, and camels, which he took with him to Persia.

Additional Information

• Nader Shah Afshar was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran and one of the most powerful Iranian rulers in Iranian history.
• He was born on  22 November 1688 in Dargaz, Safavid Iran.
• In the spring of 1730, Nader attacked Iran's archrival the Ottomans and regained most of the territory lost during the recent chaos. At the same time, the Abdali Afghans rebelled and besieged Mashhad, forcing Nader to suspend his campaign and save his brother, Ebrahim.

The correct answer is Bhavra.

• The birthplace of the great freedom fighter Chandra Shekar Azad is Bhavra.
• Chandra Shekar Azad was born on 23rd July 1906.
• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded by Chandra Shekar Azad along with Bhagat Singh on 9th September 1928.
• The Indian Independence Movement was led by the Chandra Shekar Azad.
• Chandra Shekar Azad was involved in:
  • Kakori Train Robbery of 1925.
  • Shooting of J. P. Saunders at Lahore in 1928 to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.
  • Attempt to blow up the Viceroy of India's train in 1929.
• He was an extremist leader.
• He died on 27th February 1931 (at the age of 24 years) in Allahabad.