Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Plan Balkan
  • Between March and May of 1947, Viceroy Mountbatten decided that the Cabinet Mission Plan had become untenable and formulated an alternative plan.
  • This plan envisaged the transfer of power to separate provinces (or to a confederation, if formed before the transfer), with Punjab and Bengal given the option to vote for partition of their provinces. Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.
  • The various units thus formed along with the princely states (rendered independent by lapse of paramountcy) would have the option of joining India or Pakistan or remaining separate.
  • This plan was prepared by a committee that included General Sir Hastings Ismay, Sir George Abell, and Lord Mountbatten.
  • The Plan proposed provinces are declared independent successor states and then be allowed to choose whether to join the constituent assembly or not.
  • As per this plan all the provinces viz. Madras, Bombay, United Provinces of Bengal, Punjab & northwest Frontier, etc. were proposed to be declared Independent.
  • When heard about the plan, Nehru rejected it right away and told the British that this plan would invite the Balkanization of India.
  • The plan was quickly abandoned after Nehru reacted violently to it.
  • It was also called Dickie Bird Plan.

The correct answer is the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Key Points

• Gandhiji's call for breaking Salt Laws was in response to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• The Salt Satyagraha was initiated by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt tax that was imposed by the British Government in India.
• The Salt Satyagraha was started on 12 March 1930 to 5 April 1930.
•  The defiance of the salt law was followed by the spread of the Civil Disobedience Movement all over the country.
• The Civil Disobedience Movement was started on 6 April 1930.
• Dandi March and Salt Satyagraha:
  • Gandhi, along with a band of seventy-eight members of Sabarmati Ashram, was to march from his headquarters in Ahmedabad through the villages of Gujarat for 240 miles. On reaching the coast at Dandi, the salt law was to be violated by collecting salt from the beach.

• ​Some features of the Civil Disobedience Movement - 

  • Boycott of foreign-made cloth and liquor shops.
  • Refusal by peasants to pay revenue and chowkidar taxes.
  • Violation of forest law by grazing animals in the reserved forest.
  • Deliberately breaking unjust laws like salt tax law.

Additional Information 

• The Non-cooperation Movement was started on 1 August 1920.
• Khilafat Movement was led by Shaukat Ali and Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar in 1919.:
  • The Khilafat Movement (1919):
  • It brought the Muslims & the Hindus on a common platform against the British administration.
  • It was one of the most important causes of the Non - Cooperation Movement. 
  • The Indian Muslims regarded the Sultan of Turkey as the Caliph.
• Quit India Movement:​
  • The iconic 'Quit India' slogan was coined by socialist Congress leader and lesser-known hero of the Indian National movement Yusuf Meher Ali in 1942.
  • He was the founder of National Militia, Bombay youth League, and the Congress Socialist Party.
  • On 8th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi gave a clarion call to end British rule and launched the Quit India Movement at the session of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai.
  • Also known as the India August Movement or August Kranti.
  • The movement gave the slogans ‘Quit India’ or ‘Bharat Chodo’. Gandhi gave the slogan to the people – ‘Do or die’
  • The immediate cause of the movement was the collapse of the Cripps Mission.
  • The movement saw violence at some places which were not premeditated.
  • The Quit India movement was violently suppressed by the British – people were shot, lathi-charged, villages burnt and enormous fines imposed.

The correct answer is Purusha Sukta.

• In the 10^th Mandala of the Rigveda, Purusha Sukta reflects upon the marriage ceremonies.

About Rig Veda

• Rig Veda was said to be composed between 1500-1200 B.C, also known as the ‘first testament of mankind’.
• It is a collection of 10,600 verses and 1,028 hymns.
• It consists of 10 books also known as mandals, each mandal consists of Suktas.
• The concept of the Varna system has been mentioned in Rig Veda which is still practiced in Hindu society today.
• It consists of various secrets about the origin of the universe, the origin of Lord Shiva, the origin of Lord Varuna, etc.

The correct answer All of the above.

Key Points

Palaeolithic period:

• During the Paleolithic period, the man was a hunter and food gatherer. The human being used to use simple chipped and chopped type stone tools for hunting and other purposes.
• The palaeolithic period is divided into three phases:
  • Lower Paleolithic period
  • Middle Paleolithic period
  • Upper Paleolithic period
• List of Palaeolithic sites in Madhya Pradesh:
  • ​Agni River valley
  • Kundala
  • Lonar
  • Sagar
  • Bhopal
  • Gwalior
  • Pahargarh
  • Pachmarhi (engravings and Paintings)
  • Adamgarh (rock art and paintings)
  • Bhimbetaka (rock art and paintings)

The correct answer is Sawai Pratap Singh.

Key Points

• Sawai Pratap Singh-
  • He was the son of Madho Singh I.
  • He faced the maximum number of Maratha attacks during his reign.
  • The Tunga battle was fought between him and Mahadji Scindia in 1787 AD.
  • Patan battle was also fought between him and Mahadji Scindia in 1790 AD.
  • He was also a poet, he used to write poems in the name of Brijnidhi.
  • His poems were compiled in Brijnidhi Granthavali.
  • He sheltered Vanshidhar Bhatt and encouraged Tamasha folk theatre.
  • In his court, there was a congregation of 22 musicians and scholars known as Gandharva Baisi.
  • Hawa Mahal was built by him in 1799 AD.

Additional Information

• Mirza Raja Jai Singh-
  • He was the son of Man Singh I.
  • He served three Mughal kings (Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb).
  • He received the title of Mirza Raja from Shah Jahan when he was going for the Gandhara campaign.
  • His first campaign was against Malik Ambar of Ahmed Nagar in 1623 AD.
  • In the Battle of Dharmat (1658 AD), he sided with Darashikoh against Aurangzeb.
  • In 1665 AD, he signed a treaty with Shivaji, known as the Treaty of Purandar.
  • The foreign Manuchi has described this eye-sight treaty.
• Jagat Singh II-
  • He became ruler after Sawai Pratap Singh.
  • He fought the Gingoli battle with Jodhpur due to the Krishna Kumari marriage dispute.
  • He did a treaty with the East India Company in 1818 AD.
• Madho Singh I-
  • He became ruler after Ishwari Singh.
  • In his reign, Jaipur's civilians murdered Maratha army men.
  • He established Sawai Madhopur city in 1763 AD.
  • He fought the Kakod battle with Malhar Rav Holkar.
  • He built alike nine palaces for his nine queens in the Nahargarh fort.