Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is gain of oxygen

Concept:

Chemical Reactions:

• A process in which one or more compounds are formed as products completely different from the reacting substances is known as a chemical reaction.
• There is generally a change in heat, colour, or appearance when a chemical reaction takes place.
• The evolution of gas may also occur.
• A chemical reaction may be reversible or irreversible in nature.

Oxidation reaction:

• Oxidation Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Oxygen takes place or the removal of Hydrogen takes place.
• It can also be said as the process of loss of one or more electrons by atoms or ions.
• Example is:

Mg + O2 = Mg2O

Reduction Reaction:

• Reduction Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Hydrogen takes place or the removal of oxygen takes place.

• In the process of reduction, a chemical species also gains electrons.
• It is the reverse of the oxidation reaction.
• Example is:

H2 + F2 → HF

Explanation:

Oxidation is a chemical reaction that is characterized by 

• loss of electron
• addition of oxygen atom
• removal of the hydrogen atom 

The substance that undergoes oxidation is said to be oxidized.

The loss of electrons and an increase in the oxidation state are the characteristics of an oxidation reaction.

For example:

H2S + Cl2 → 2HCl + S

In this reaction, the chlorine is getting reduced to hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the addition of hydrogen provided by Hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

The pattern used here is,

Code for ‘Raj’ is either ‘da’ or ‘di’.

Code for ‘is’ is ‘na’

Code for ‘going’ is either ‘za’ or ‘ta’                              

Code for ‘to’ is either ‘za’ or ‘ta’

Code for ‘bed’ is either ‘da’ or ‘di’

Hence, code for ‘bed’ is either ‘da’ or ‘di’.

Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP):

• HTTP is used to access data on the world wide web. HTTP functions as a combination of FTP and SMTP. HTTP uses the services of TCP port number 80. HTTP is a stateless protocol.
• HTTP prior to version 1.1 specified a non-persistent connection, while a persistent connection is a default.
• In a non-persistent connection, one TCP connection is made for each request/ response. The client opens a TCP connection and sends a request and server sends the response then closes the connection.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP):

• FTP stands for file transfer protocol. It is provided by TCP/IP for copying a file from one host to another. FTP can transfer a file through one of the following three modes: stream mode, block mode and compressed mode. Stream mode is the default mode.
• FTP uses two TCP connections one for data and another for control.

Simple Transfer Protocol (SMTP):

• SMTP is a push protocol, it can push the messages from the client to the server only.
• SMTP uses one TCP connection at a time

TELNET:

• TELNET is a client/ server application that allows a user to log on to a remote machine, giving the user access to the remote system.
• TELNET uses one TCP connection at a time.

Important Point:

Option 1 is not correct since HTTP might have more than one TCP connections for a single web page.

The correct answer is Cancer.

Concept: 

Infectious diseases:

• Infectious disease are diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites.
• Infectious diseases are transmitted by infectious agents.
• Infectious disease is spread by humans, plants, and insects. 
• Agents that spread pathogens or pass them on are known as vectors or disease intermediaries.

Explanation:

• Cancer is not an infectious disease. 
• Cancer cannot be passed from one person to another by breathing the same air, sharing a toothbrush, touching.
• Cancer is a disorder in which cell growth is uncontrolled.
• Changes in genes that control how our cells function, particularly how they grow and divide, cause cancer.
• Accelerating cell division rates or inhibiting normal control can result in gene mutations. 
• Cancer is sometimes caused by the genes we inherit from our parents.
• Cancer's Causes
  • Carcinogens such as tobacco, chemicals, alcohol, and ultraviolet radiation from the sun are among the leading causes of cancer.

Additional Information

• Cholera:
  • Cholera is a severe diarrheal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria.
  • People who consume cholera-contaminated food or water may become ill.
  • The infection is frequently mild or without symptoms, but it can also be severe and life-threatening.
  • The disease's deadly effects are caused by a toxin produced by bacteria in the small intestine.
• TB (Tuberculosis):
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
  • It was transmitted from person to person via microscopic droplets released into the air.
  • Usually bacteria attack the lungs, but tuberculosis bacteria can attack any part of the body, including the brain, kidney, and spine.
• Conjunctivitis: 
  • Conjunctivitis or pink eye is a viral disease that is caused by allergies or bacterial or viral infection.
  • It is the Inflammation or infection of the eyeball's outer membrane and the inner eyelid.
  • Conjunctivitis is highly contagious and is spread through contact with infected people's eye secretions

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. the Atomic Number

• The periodic table is based on Atomic Number.
• The atomic number is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. 
• The periodic table is managed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, or IUPAC.
• In 1869, Dimitri Mendeleev included 63 known elements arranged according to increasing atomic weight. But there were many elements he could not place in the periodic table and with the discovery of new noble elements, there was a need to arrange the elements. Henry Moseley later arranged the elements in the periodic table by their number of protons rather than their atomic weights.
• The modern periodic table orders the elements according to increasing atomic number rather than increasing atomic weight.
• There are 118 elements in a periodic table. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in the modern periodic table.
• On moving from left to right in a period, the size of atoms(atomic size) decreases.
• On moving from left to right in a period, the metallic character of elements decreases, whereas the non-metallic character increases.
• While going down in a group of the periodic table, the size of atoms increases (or atomic size increases).
• While going down in a group of the periodic table, the metallic character of elements increases.
• Electronegativity and reactivity of non-metals increase along the period and decrease down the group.