Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is A - i, B - ii, C - iii, D - iv.

Key Points

•  Aridisols soil
  • These are CaCO₃-containing soils of arid regions that exhibit subsurface horizon development.
  • They are characterized by being dry most of the year and limited leaching.
  • They contain subsurface horizons in which clays, calcium carbonate, silica, salts, and/or gypsum have accumulated.
• Inceptisols soil
  • It exhibits minimal horizon development.
  • They are more developed than Entisols, but still lack the features that are characteristic of other soil orders.
  • A sizable percentage of Inceptisols are found in mountainous areas and are used for forestry, recreation, and watershed.
  • They occur in cool to very warm and humid to subhumid climates, from the arctic to the tropics.
  • They are found in Semi-arid and humid regions.
• Alfisols soil
  • They are moderately leached soils that have relatively high native fertility.
  • These soils have mainly formed under forest and have a subsurface horizon in which clays have accumulated.
  • They are primarily found in temperate humid and subhumid regions of the world.
• Vertisols
  • They are clayey soils that have deep, wide cracks for some time during the year.
  • They shrink as they dry and swell as they become moist.
  • The natural vegetation is predominantly grass, savanna, open forest, or desert shrub.
  • They are found in Humid and super-humid regions.

Soil distribution:

The correct answer is Kantli.

Key Points

• The river of inland drainage is Kantli.

Additional Information 

• Kantli River:
  • Kantli river originates from the hills of Khandela hills of Sikar district and taking a northerly course runs into Jhunjhunu and ends in sand dunes near Churu district.
  • Site of ancient OCP culture - Ganeshwar lies on the bank of the Kantli river.
  • The catchment area of the Kantli river is known as Torawat
  • The topography of the Shekhawati tracts is characterized by an undulating sandy terrain traversed by longitudinal sand dunes.
  • There is only one seasonal river Kantli.

The correct answer is Typical orientation of the Aravalli range

Key Points

• The typical orientation of the Aravalli Range is the root cause of scant rain in Rajasthan.
• Rajasthan receives scanty rainfall.
• The two main reasons are:
  • The Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian monsoon loses its moisture by the time it reaches the north-western part of India where Rajasthan is located.
  • And the Arabian sea branch of the monsoon flows parallel to the Aravalli Mountains and reach the northern part of India but does not shed moisture over Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• About Rajasthan:
  • Established: 30 March 1949
  • Districts: 33
  • Area: 3,42,239 Sq. Km.
  • Located between 23 30’ and 30 11’ North latitude and 69 29’ and 78 17’ East longitude.
  • It shares an international border with Pakistan and a national boundary with 5 states of India including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

The correct answer is Dausa.

• As per the 2011 census, the Dausa district has the lowest percentage of the urban population.
• Of the total population of Rajasthan state, around 75.13 per cent live in the villages of rural areas.
  • In actual numbers, males and females were 26,641,747 and 24,858,605 respectively.
  • The total population of rural areas of Rajasthan state was 51,500,352.

Key Points

Top 5 Districts of Rajasthan having highest Rural population

Bottom 5 Districts of Rajasthan having the lowest Rural population

The correct answer (A) and (D).

Key Points Aw or Tropical Humid Region:

• The southern parts of the Dungarpur district and Banswara come under the region.
• Here, arid tropical grasslands and Savanna regions are found along with deciduous trees of monsoon type.
• The Winter season is arid and cool whereas summers experience scorching heat.
• Rainfall also mainly occurs in the summer season.
• The temperature is more than 18-degree celsius in the coldest month records.

CWG Climatic Region:

• The south-eastern areas of Aravalli are part of the region.
• Rains are limited to a few monsoon months only.
• Seasonal winds do not bring rains to this region during winters.

Bwhw Climatic Region:

• The region has an arid-hot desert climate with very scanty rainfall.
• On the contrary, the process of evaporation is very active.
• Thus, these areas are known as desert regions, limited to western parts of the Thar Desert.
• North-western Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, western Bikaner are included in this category.

Bshw Climatic Region:

• This climatic region is semi-arid, where winters are dry and even in summers there is no sufficient amount of rainfall.
• Vegetation is of steppe type, characterized by thorny bushes and grasses.
• This region comprises the districts of Barmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Churu, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, and Hanumangarh.​​

Important Points

Koppen climate classification: The Koppen climate classification divides climates into four main climate groups in respect of Rajasthan, with each group being divided based on vegetation.