Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Wheat.

Key Points

Concept-

• A wide range of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens, affect the yield of cultivated crop species, especially in tropical climates.
• Crop losses can often be significant, up to 20-30 per cent, or sometimes even total.
• In this situation, the breeding and development of cultivars resistant to disease enhance food production.
• This also helps reduce the dependence on the use of fungicides and bacteriocides.

Explanation-

• Resistance of the host plant is the ability to prevent the pathogen from causing disease and is determined by the genetic constitution of the host plant.
• Before breeding is undertaken, it is important to know about the causative organism and the mode of transmission.
• Some of the diseases caused by-
  • Fungi are rusts, e.g., brown rust of wheat, red rot of sugarcane, and late blight of potato.
  • Bacteria – black rot of crucifers.
  • Viruses – tobacco mosaic, turnip mosaic, etc.
• Brown rust of wheat is caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina.

Therefore the brown rust is the disease of wheat.

Additional Information

• Red rot is the disease of sugarcane.
• Late blight is the disease of potatoes.
• Mosaic virus is the disease of turnip.

Just as Needle is a part/component of the Clock, similarly Blade is a part/component of Fan.

Thus the related word pair is Fan : Blade.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

• Rajasthan has become the first state in India to launch a policy on pneumoconiosis.

Key Points

• Rajasthan State Government decided to give pension to people suffering from pneumoconiosis
• Pneumoconiosis is a lung disease caused by dust
• It was launched by Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot in the year 2019.
• In the year 2015 Rajasthan became the first Indian state to notify Pneumoconiosis as an epidemic.

Benefits to people suffering from pneumoconiosis and their families

• Rehabitation assistance
  • Rs. 400,000 as one-time assistance to the affected person after certification by pneumoconiosis board.
• Assistance on death
  • Rs. 100,000 to legal heir/nominee when pneumoconiosis patient dies
• Rehabilitation pension
  • Rs. 4000 per month or 50% of the prescribed minimum wages of unskilled workers, whichever is higher lifetime of worker.
• Family pension
  • Family pension of Rs. 3,500 per month of legal heir or dependent for a period of 5 years or till the child/children become self-dependent.
• Financial assistance for education.
  • One-time education assistance of Rs. 25,000 for children limited to maximum of two.
• Funeral assistance
  • Funeral assistance of Rs. 10,000 to dependent for last rites of pneumoconiosis victim

The correct answer is the Graphical User Interface.

Important Points

• Graphical User Interface (GUI) 
  • The graphical user interface is used by most of the commercially popular computer operating systems.
  • A Graphical User Interface (GUI) allows you to enter commands by pointing and clicking at objects that appear on the screen.
  • It consists of picture-like items (eg. icons and arrows).
  • In most operating systems, the primary user interface is graphical.

Key Points

• Some popular, modern graphical user interface examples include:
  • Microsoft Windows,
  • macOS, Ubuntu Unity,
  • GNOME Shell for desktop environments, and
  • Android,
  • Apple's iOS,
  • BlackBerry OS,
  • Windows 10 Mobile,
  • Palm OS-WebOS, and
  • Firefox OS for smartphones.​

Concept:

Resistance: The property of electrical materials and electrical instruments that opposes the flow of current through them is called resistance.

It is denoted by R. The SI unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω).

Power: The rate of work done by an electric current is called power. It is denoted by P. The SI unit of power is the watt (W).

Power dissipation (P) is given by:

\(P=VI=\frac{V^2}{R}=I^2R\)

Where V is the potential difference across resistance, I is current flowing and R is resistance.

Calculation:

With R = 50 Ω, and V = 220 V, the power required by the bulb will be:

\(P=\frac{V^2}{R}=\frac{220\times 220}{50}\)

P = 968 W