Question Discussion & Solution

Linen, Polyester and Rayon are types of clothing fibers or fabric, while Terracotta is a clay-like earthenware ceramic.

Let Rahul’s age be x.

Let Rita’s age be y.

Let Ekta’s age be z.

⇒ x = y + 3

⇒ y = 4z – 3

⇒ x = 4z – 3 + 3

⇒ x = 4z

⇒ x/z = 4

⇒ x ∶ z = 4 ∶ 1

Food chain: 

• A food chain shows the feeding relationship between different organisms in a particular environment and/or habitat.
• A food chain shows how energy is passed from the sun to producers, from producers to consumers, and from consumers to decomposes such as fungi.
• They also show how animals depend on other organisms for food.
• A simplified food web illustrating a three-trophic food chain (producers-herbivores-carnivores) linked to decomposers.

Key Points

Food Web: 

• A food web is similar to a food chain, but the food web is significantly larger.
• Occasionally, a single organism is eaten by a large number of predators, or it consumes a number of other species.
• As a result, several trophic levels become intertwined, and the food chain fails to accurately depict the flow of resources.
• The food chains are very simple and hence, do not exist in reality, 
• Rather, an interconnection of many food chains is seen in nature or in our ecosystem that forms a food web.
• The energy flow is multidirectional.
• In a food web, one organism takes place at different trophic levels in different food chains (which combine to form a complex food web).
• It gives greater stability to the ecosystem.

​Thus, a group of interconnected food chains is called a food web.

Additional Information

Pyramid of Biomass:

• A biomass pyramid is a diagram that compares the biomass of different trophic levels within an ecosystem.
• It shows the mass of producers that are needed to support primary consumers, the mass of primary consumers required to support secondary consumers, and so on.

The correct answer is Cell.

Key Points

• Cell:
  • A cell is the smallest unit capable of independent existence which can reproduce itself. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
  • All living organisms, except for viruses, are composed of one or more cells.
  • Single-cell organisms; such as, bacteria, protozoa, and other micro-organisms are termed unicellular, while plants and animals that contain many cells are termed multicellular.
  • Highly complex organisms; such as, human beings consist of billions of cells, all of which are adapted to carry out specific functions; for example, groups of these specialized cells are organized into tissue and bodily organs.
  • Although cells may differ widely in size, appearance, and function, their essential features are similar.

​

Important Points

• Almost all cells perform biochemical processes, generate and process energy, and store genetic information to be passed down to future generations of cells.
• Advanced single-celled and multicelled organisms have nuclei that carry the DNA, primitive cells; such as, bacteria, have no nucleus and carry their DNA loosely in coils throughout the cells
• The number of cells in an organism varies; for example, bacteria are single-celled organisms; the average adult human body has about one hundred trillion cells.
• Cells are the structural unit of all organisms and come in a range of sizes and shapes.
• Animal cells contain only an outside cell membrane.
• In most fungi, bacteria, and plants; there is a rigid cell wall outside the membrane.
• Each cell is composed of a mass of jelly-like substance called the cytoplasm, surrounded by a membrane.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

•  Bharatnatyam:
  • ​Bharatnatyam Dance is considered to be over 2000 years old.
  • Several texts beginning with Bharata Muni's Natya Shastra (200 B.C.E to 200 C.E.) provide information on this dance form.
  • Bharatnatyam Dance is known to be Ekaharya, where one dancer takes on many roles in a single performance.

Additional Information

•  8 Classical Dances of India: