Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Prithviraj commission.

Key Points

•  Dabi case (2 April 1923 AD) -
  • Bundi Kisan Movement was started by Pandit Nayanu Ram Sharma in 1922 AD.
  • All farmers organized a meeting in Dabi on 2 April 1923 AD.
  • Police Superintendent Ikram Hussain, SHO Kalyan Singh, and Dabi's Head Constable Sardar Mal reached there and started firing indiscriminately on Kisans.
  • Nanak Ji Bhil and Devi Lal Gurjar were martyred in this event.
  • Prithviraj commission was appointed by the government to examine the Dabi case.

• Bindulal Bhattacharya commission and Hamid Hussain commission were appointed to see the situation of Bijoliya's peasants.
• Trench commission was appointed by the government to see the situation of Bengu's peasants

The correct answer is Jaunpur.

• The Jaunpur sultanate was ruled by the Sharqi dynasty.
• Malik-ul-Sharq was the founder of the Sharqi Dynasty.
• Malik-ul-Sharq made Jaunpur his capital and established his reign from Etawah to Bengal and Vindhyachal to Nepal.
• The founder of the Sharqi Dynasty, Malik-ul-Sharq, died in 1398 A.D.

The correct answer is ​Widespread discontentment among peasants against oppressive practices of Zamindars.

Key Points

• The Bengal Tenancy Act 1885 was an enactment of the Bengal British government that defined the rights of zamindars lords and their tenants in response to a widespread peasant revolt.
• It was mainly in response to widespread peasant discontent against oppressive practices of Zamindars emerging from Act X of 1859.
  • The zamindars resorted to enhanced rents beyond legal limits and prevented the tenants from acquiring occupancy rights under Act X of 1859.  
• During the 1870s and 1880s, large parts of Eastern Bengal witnessed agrarian unrest caused by oppressive practices of the zamindars, popularly referred to as Pabna Agrarian Revolt.
• To achieve their ends, the zamindars resorted to forcible evictions, seizure of cattle and crops and prolonged, costly litigation in courts where the poor peasant found himself at a disadvantage.  
• Having had enough of the oppressive regime, the peasants of Yusufshahi Pargana in Patna district formed an agrarian league or combination to resist the demands of the zamindars.  
• The League organised a rent strike where the ryots refused to pay the enhanced rents, challenging the zamindars in the courts.
• Funds were raised by ryots to fight the court cases.
• The struggles spread throughout Patna and to other districts of then East Bengal. 
• The main form of struggle was that of legal resistance; there was very little violence.
• Though the peasant discontent continued to linger on till 1885, most of the cases had been solved, partially through official persuasion and partially because of zamindars' fears.
• Many peasants were able to acquire occupancy rights and resist enhanced rents. The Government also passed the Bengal Tenancy Act in 1885.
• A number of young Indian intellectuals including Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, R.C. Dutt and the Indian Association under Surendranath Banerjee supported the peasants' cause.

The correct answer is Champaran, Ahmedabad, Kheda, Non-cooperation.

Key Points

• The tale of Champaran (Bihar) starts in the early nineteenth century when European planters forced cultivators to cultivate indigo in 3/20th of their land holdings (Tin-Kathia).
• However, when indigo became unprofitable, European planters levied higher taxes to compensate for their losses in the foreign trade.
• Gandhi succeeded in abolishing the Tin-Kathia scheme in July 1917, and the cultivators received a salary refund.
• The mill owners and employees in Ahmedabad (March 1918) were fighting over the so-called "plague bonus," which the former decided to keep after the epidemic was over.
• Due to crop failure, the peasants of Kheda district (1917-1918) were in dire straits, and the government ignored their pleas for land revenue remission.
• Kheda's peasants were already struggling due to disease, high prices, and drought.
• Gandhi went on his first hunger strike in Ahmedabad in 1918 to protest a pay increase for mill employees.

Additional Information

• The Champaran Satyagraha(19 April 1917- 13 May 1917)
  • This was his first act of civil disobedience.
• The Rowlatt Satyagraha(6 April 1919 - March 1922)
  • This was his first all-India Satyagraha.
• The Kheda Satyagraha(22 March - 5 June 1918) 
  • ​This was his first non-cooperation movement.
• The first Non-Cooperation Movement
  • ​It was founded on 1 August 1920.

The correct answer is 1936 AD.

• The All India Farmers Union is also known as Akhil Bhartiya Kisan Sabha was formed in April 1936 in the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress. 

Key Points

• It is an organization that worked for the peasants and the rights of the farmers and against the feudal movement in India. 
• Sahajanand Saraswati was the first president of All India Kisan Sabha and was the founder of Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha and was also an important pillar of the Bihar Kisan Sabha Movement.
• NG Ranga was secretary of All India Kisan Sabha
• Under Rajendra Prasad, a committee was set up to study the conditions of farmers.
• The main aim of Akhil Bhartiya Kisan Sabha was to abolish the zamindari system, institutionalize credit, and reduce land revenue.