Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is The Commission did not have any Indian members.

• Simon Commission which was sent by the British Government was boycotted by Indian politicians.

Key Points

• Simon commission was also referred to as the Indian Statuary Commission was a group of seven members of Parliament under Sir John Simon.
  • Indian politicians Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, Jinnah, the Muslim League, and Indian National Congress.
  • They were opposing because out of seven members there was no member from India.
  • Lord Irwin was Viceroy of India at the time of commission took place.
  • Lala Lajpat Rai was martyred while he was protesting against the Simon Commission at Lahore.
  • The outcome of the Simon Commission was the Government of India Act, 1935.

The correct answer is Raj Kumar Shukla.

Ram Prasad Shukla invited Gandhiji to Champaran.

• Champaran issue and Gandhiji.
• Champaran was a district in Bihar, and in 1914-16, farmers of this region agitated and protested against the harsh British atrocities.
• Gandhiji was invited here in 1917, he established Ashram here.
• Babu Braj Kishore Prasad, Angarh Narayan Sinha and Dr. Rajendra Prasad were leaders present there.
• This satyagraha was against the 'Teen Kathiya System' of farm tax. Under this system 3 of every 20 parts of land production was to be given to the British as Lagaan.

Result of Champaran Satyagraha

• Tin Kathiya System was abolished.
• Legal documents signed between tenants and the British for the rational tax system.

Additional Information

• The Champaran Satyagraha was the first to be started, but the word Satyagraha was used for the first time in Anti Rowlatt Act agitation. 

The correct answer is 23^rd June 1757.

• Battle of Plassey:
  • On 23 June 1757, the Battle of Plassey was taken place, it was fought between the forces of Siraj Ud Daulah, and his French troops and the British East India Company, led by Robert Clive.

Additional Information

• • British marched out to the grove of Plassey, to the north of Calcutta.
  • This event was also a part of the Seven Years War.
  • In this battle, the forces of Nawab were defeated.
  • Nawab first went to Murshidabad and then to Patna, but was eventually pursued by Mir Jafar’s soldiers.
  •  Siraj-Ud-Daulah was executed on 2 July 1757, under orders from Mir Miran, son of Mir Jafar.

🔑 Key Points

• The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942.
• The movement was a major civil disobedience movement that played a significant role in India's struggle for independence.

The correct answer is The Rowlatt Act.

Key Points

• The Rowlatt Act (Black Act) was passed on March 10, 1919, authorizing the government to imprison or confine, without a trial, any person associated with seditious activities.
• This led to nationwide unrest. Gandhi initiated Satyagraha to protest against the Rowlatt Act.
• Under the command of Colonel Reginald Dyer, soldiers opened fire on a large number of people gathered at Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919.
  • It was estimated that over 1,000 people lost their lives and another 1,500 people were injured in the firing.
• Apart from the main entrance, there was no way for the crowd to escape the garden as the area was surrounded by buildings. This is a major reason for the high number of casualties.

Important Points

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is also called the Massacre of Amritsar.
• Tagore was awarded the knighthood by King George v in1915, but he repudiated it in 1919 as a protest against the Amritsar (Jallianwala Bagh) Massacre.
• He is sometimes referred to as “the Bard of Bengal”.
• After this massacre, Gandhi began his first large-scale and sustained nonviolent protest (satyagraha) campaign, the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22).

Additional Information

•  Lord Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act in 1878.
  • By this act, the magistrates of the districts were empowered, without the prior permission of the Government, to call upon a printer and publisher of any kind to enter into a Bond, undertaking not to publish anything which might “rouse” feelings of disaffection against the government.
• The Arms Act, 1959 that deals with the regulation of arms in India.
  • The Act defines arms to include firearms, swords, and anti-aircraft missiles.