Question Discussion & Solution

Hence the code for change out is “reshsab”.

• Vitamin is an organic non-protein substance that is required by an organism for normal metabolic function but cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantity by that organism. 
• These can be divided into two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.

Fat-Soluble vitamins

• Fat-soluble vitamins are soluble in fats.
• They are absorbed by fat globules that travel through the small intestines and into the general blood circulation within the body.
• Unlike water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body when they are not in use.
• Vitamin A, D, E K are fat-soluble.

Water-soluble vitamins

• Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, which means these vitamins and nutrients dissolve quickly in the body.
• Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are carried to the body’s tissues, but the body cannot store them.
• Any excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins simply pass through the body
• Vitamin B and Vitamin C are water-soluble.

Key Points

Thus, the disease caused due to deficiency of Vitamin B1 is Beri Beri.

The correct answer is Amlanand Ghosh.

Key Points

• Prof Amlanand Ghosh excavated the Kalibangan site in 1952.
• The Kalibangan civilization is supposed to older than 4000 BC.
• This Rajasthan civilization was the first metropolis state in India.
• Kalibangan lies along with the left Bank of the dried-up bed of river Ghaggar.
• The site contains both pre-Harappan and Harappan remains, and therein can be seen the transition between the two cultures.
• Although the pre-Harappan culture worked copper and produced pottery, it had no writing system, and its ruins lack the orderly layout and use of baked brick that is found in the later Harappan sites.
• The Harappan remains include a cemetery and a fortified citadel. 

Additional Information

• Ratna Chandra Agrawal: 
  • Bhinmal Civilization was first founded by Ratna Chandra Agrawal in 1953-54 AD.
  • Bhinmal civilization is founded in the Jalore District of Rajasthan.
• Ratan Lal Mishra: 
  • Ganeshwar civilization was first founded in 1977 by historian Ratan Lal Mishra.
  • This Ganeshwar civilization is more than 4000 years old and the estimated time period was 2500 – 2000 BC.

The correct answer is Dial-up.

Key Points

• Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) by dialling a telephone number on a conventional telephone line.
• Dial-up connections use modems to decode audio signals into data to send to a router or computer and to encode signals from the latter two devices to send to another modem. 
• It is considered the slowest internet service among all.

Additional Information

• In 1979, Tom Truscott and Steve Bellovin, graduates of Duke University, created an early predecessor to dial-up Internet access called the USENET. 
• 5G can be significantly faster than 4G, delivering up to 20 Gigabits-per-second (Gbps) peak data rates and 100+ Megabits-per-second (Mbps) average data rates.
• 5G is considered the fastest internet service till now.

The correct answer is Methane.

Key Points

• Methane (CH4)
  • It is the simplest hydrocarbon consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms and the simplest hydrocarbon, is the most abundant hydrocarbon pollutant.
  • It is a powerful greenhouse gas.
  • Major natural sources of methane include emissions from wetlands, and oceans and from the digestive processes of termites.
  • Methane is more than 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.

Additional Information

• Butane is a gaseous component (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) of the Alkane group having the chemical formula is C4H10.
• It is a colourless, highly flammable, and easily liquefied gas.
• In the abundance of oxygen, it forms Carbon dioxide, but if limited oxygen is available, then it forms Carbon Monoxide.

2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O                   (oxygen in plenty)

2C4H10 + 9O2 → 8CO + 10H2O                      (oxygen is limited)

• Uses –
  • Gasoline blending
  • Fuel gas
  • Fragrance extraction solvent
  • Feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene
  • Ingredient for synthetic rubber
  • Isobutane to enhance the Octane number of gasoline in refineries.
• A propane molecule has three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen bonds and has the formula C3H8. 
• Propane is a colourless, easily liquefied, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of carbon and hydrogen) and the third member of the paraffin series following methane and ethane.
• Propane is produced as a by-product of two other processes, natural gas processing and petroleum refining.
• It is separated in large quantities from natural gas, light crude oil, and oil-refinery gases and is commercially available as liquefied propane or as a major constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
• Uses: 
  • It is used in LPG, also used as biofuel in buses and taxis and it is also the main gas in blowtorches and for hot air balloons.
  • Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low boiling point makes it vaporize as soon as it is released from its pressurized container.
• The chemical formula of Ethane is C2H6.
• It is a colourless, odourless gas at normal temperature and pressure.
• It is extracted from natural gas on an industrial scale and is a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining.
• Michael Faraday first synthesized it in 1834, using the electrolysis of a solution of potassium acetate.