Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Premier Zhou Enlai.

Key Points

•  The Panchsheel, or Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, was first formally signed on April 28, 1954, between India and the Tibet region of China.
• The agreement was signed between then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and China's first Premier (Prime Minister) Chou En-Lai.
• The Panchsheel agreement was about mutual relations and trade between India and Tibet the territory of China.
• In April 1954, India, considering Tibet as part of China, entered into an agreement with China on the principle of 'Panchsheel'.
• The main points of the Panchsheel agreement were;
  • Peaceful co-existence
  • Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty
  • Mutual non-interference
  • Mutual non-aggression
  • Equality and mutual benefit
• The Panchsheel Pact had removed the tension between India and China up to a great extent.
• After these treaties, trade, and confidence-building between India and China had gained a lot of strength. 

The correct answer is 1829 AD.

• The Bengal Sati Regulation which banned the Sati practice in all jurisdictions of British India was passed on 4 December 1829 by the then Governor-General Lord William Bentinck.

Key Points

• Sati is a practice among Hindu communities where a recently widowed woman, either voluntarily or by force, immolates herself on her deceased husband's pyre.
• The woman who immolates herself is called a Sati which is also interpreted as a chaste woman or a good and devoted wife.
• Raja Rammohan Roy was a vociferous campaigner against Sati.
• Lord William Bentinck helped Raja Rammohan Roy to suppress many prevalent social evils like Sati, polygamy, child marriage, and female infanticide.

• Most of the Buddhist literray works are written in Pali language.
• These include The Tripitika, the Sutras etc.

• Harappa was the first site to be discovered.
• It was discovered by a team of Daya Ram Sahni in the year 1921.
• Mohenjodaro was discovered in the year 1922 by a team of R.D. Banerjee.
• Archaeologist S.R. Rao led teams who discovered a number of Harappan sites, including the port city of Lothal in 1954-63.

The correct answer is Champaran, Ahmedabad, Kheda, Non-cooperation.

Key Points

• The tale of Champaran (Bihar) starts in the early nineteenth century when European planters forced cultivators to cultivate indigo in 3/20th of their land holdings (Tin-Kathia).
• However, when indigo became unprofitable, European planters levied higher taxes to compensate for their losses in the foreign trade.
• Gandhi succeeded in abolishing the Tin-Kathia scheme in July 1917, and the cultivators received a salary refund.
• The mill owners and employees in Ahmedabad (March 1918) were fighting over the so-called "plague bonus," which the former decided to keep after the epidemic was over.
• Due to crop failure, the peasants of Kheda district (1917-1918) were in dire straits, and the government ignored their pleas for land revenue remission.
• Kheda's peasants were already struggling due to disease, high prices, and drought.
• Gandhi went on his first hunger strike in Ahmedabad in 1918 to protest a pay increase for mill employees.

Additional Information

• The Champaran Satyagraha(19 April 1917- 13 May 1917)
  • This was his first act of civil disobedience.
• The Rowlatt Satyagraha(6 April 1919 - March 1922)
  • This was his first all-India Satyagraha.
• The Kheda Satyagraha(22 March - 5 June 1918) 
  • ​This was his first non-cooperation movement.
• The first Non-Cooperation Movement
  • ​It was founded on 1 August 1920.