Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 2 i.e C₄H_10.

Concept:

Hydrocarbons

• Compounds made of carbon and hydrogen atoms only are called hydrocarbons.
• Saturated hydrocarbons:
  • The hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are singly bonded are called saturated hydrocarbons.
  • Saturated hydrocarbons are also called alkanes or paraffin.
    • The general formula of alkane– CnH2n+2.
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons:
  • The hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are either doubly or triply bonded are called unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • Doubly bonded (carbon atoms) hydrocarbons are called alkenes.
  • The general formula of alkene is CnH2n.

• The formula for alkane should be mentioned C_nH_2n+2

Explanation:

OSI Model

• OSI stands for Open System Interconnection is a reference model that describes how information from a software application in one computer moves through a physical medium to the software application in another computer.
• OSI consists of seven layers, and each layer performs a particular network function.
• OSI model was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1984, and it is now considered as an architectural model for inter-computer communications.

There are seven OSI layers. Each layer has different functions. A list of seven layers are given below:

1) Physical Layer: 

• The main functionality of the physical layer is to transmit the individual bits from one node to another node.
• It is the lowest layer of the OSI model.

2) Data-Link Layer: 

• This layer is responsible for the error-free transfer of data frames.
• It defines the format of the data on the network.
• It provides reliable and efficient communication between two or more devices.

3) Network Layer: 

• It is a layer 3 that manages device addressing, tracks the location of devices on the network.
• It determines the best path to move data from source to destination based on the network conditions, the priority of service, and other factors.
• Logical Addressing and Routing are functions of the Network Layer.

4) Transport Layer: 

• The Transport layer is a Layer 4 ensures that messages are transmitted in the order in which they are sent and there is no duplication of data.
• The main responsibility of the transport layer is to transfer the data completely.

5) Session Layer:

• The Session layer is used to establish, maintain, and synchronizes the interaction between communicating devices.

​6) Presentation Layer:

• It acts as a data translator for a network.
• This layer is a part of the operating system that converts the data from one presentation format to another format.

7) Application Layer: 

• An application layer serves as a window for users and application processes to access network service.
• This layer provides network services to the end-users.
• HTTP is an application layer protocol designed within the framework of the Internet protocol suite. Its definition presumes an underlying and reliable transport layer protocol, and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is commonly used.

​Thus, HTTP is an application layer in the OSI Model of Networking.

Given : Cobbler : Shoes – Cobbler mends our shoes.

Electrician : Screw – Screw is a tool used by electricians.

Carpenter : Jig – Jig is a tool used by carpenters.

Mechanic : Car – Mechanic mends our cars.

Manager : Office – Manager is a superior person who handles the administrative work of an office.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Uttar Pradesh, Jhansi, Goa is shown below:

Jhansi is a city of Uttar Pradesh.

Whereas, 

Uttar-Pradesh and Goa both are different States of India thus will come as a separate circle.

Hence, Option (4) is correct.

Additional InformationUttar-Pradesh:

• The Dudhwa National Park is located in Terai and is spread over an area of 490 sq.km. The national park also has the Dudhwa tiger reserve within its premises.
• National Chambal Sanctuary is also known as the National Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary that is home to the endangered gharial or small crocodile. The river Chambal follows through this sanctuary as the hills and ravines build many sandy beaches inside the park.
• Situated in the district of Pilibhit in Northern Uttar Pradesh, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve is one of the 41 Project Tiger reserves of the country. The forest cover here is dense which is why the tigers have a good eco-system to survive in with enough prey. The reserve is home to over 127 different kinds of animals and 556 kinds of birds.
• The Nawabganj bird sanctuary also popularly known as Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad bird sanctuary is situated in the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is famous for being the temporary home of more than 250 kinds of birds. The birds come all the way from former USSR countries.
• Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located near the city of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The sanctuary is not as famous as the other ones in the area but the place is rich in scenic landscapes and waterfalls. The two famous waterfalls are; Rajdari and Devadari. The variety of animals found here are the wild boar, Indian gazelle and blackbucks.

Goa:

• Spread over an area of 211 square kilometres, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the newly established wildlife sanctuaries in Goa.
• With the number of Royal Bengal tigers that can be found at the Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary, authorities are considering to promote the place as one of the Project Tiger Reserves. Among the very popular sanctuaries of Goa, it is located near Valpoi town in Sattari Taluka.
• The Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is the biggest wildlife sanctuary in Goa and is located in Sanguem taluka. It spreads over an area of 240 square kilometres. Along with the stunning landscapes of the Western Ghats, the sanctuary also encompasses the very famous Dudhsagar Falls and a number of temples from the era of the Kadamba Dynasty. You can also visit the famous Devil’s Canyon View Point, a perfect place to spot wildlife and birds.
• Set up in 1968 and spread over an area of 105 square kilometres, the Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the southern part of Goa, near Canacona Taluka.
• The core area of Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary is known as the Molem Wildlife Sanctuary. It is located in the Sanguem region and is claimed to house up to 120 different species of birds such as drongo, golden oriole, the great Indian hornbill, three-toed kingfisher, wagtails, and fairy bluebird.

The correct answer is Rana Kumbha.

• Rana Kumbha is related to the Kumbhalgarh festival of Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Kumbhalgarh festival:
  • The Kumbhalgarh Festival is named after Rana Kumbha who was a patron of fine arts, architecture, and learning. 
  • It is organized at the Kumbhalgarh Fort, Chittorgarh.
  • The festival is organized by the Department of Tourism of the state to promote the culture and heritage of Rajasthan. 
• Rana Kumbha (1433 AD-1468 AD):
  • He was the greatest ruler of Mewar.
  • He built the famous Vijay Stambh at Chittorgarh to commemorate his victory over Mahmud Khilji of Malwa.

Additional Information