Question Discussion & Solution

CONCEPT:

• Supersonic speed: An object moving with a speed greater than the speed of sound is said to move with a supersonic speed.
  • Generally, a bullet fired from a gun and aircraft moves with supersonic speed. 
  • The speed of sound is about 768 miles per hour (1,236 kilometers per hour) at sea level.
• Supersonic speeds are described by their "Mach number".
• Mach number: The ratio of the speed of the object to the speed of sound in the air of the same temperature and density is called Mach number.
  • Supersonic includes speeds up to five times faster than the speed of sound, or Mach 5.

EXPLANATION:

• When the speed of any object exceeds the speed of sound, it is said to be traveling at Supersonic speed. So option 2 is correct.

EXTRA POINTS:

• Subsonic has a speed of less than 0.8 Mach.
• Hypersonic may have a speed between 5-10 Mach.

The correct answer is the Helium nucleus.

• Helium nucleus was the source of alpha particles in the Rutherford scattering experiment.
• Ernest Rutherford, a British scientist conducted an experiment and proposed the atomic structure of elements.

Key Points

• Rutherford conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles.
• He then analysed the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
• Since very few α-particles were deflected back, and only a few α-particles had nearly 180^o angle of deflection.
• Hence he concluded that the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.

All except Wheat are cash crops whereas wheat is a food crop.

Cash crops mainly used for direct sale in the market rather than for family consumption. Food crops are used for family consumption.

Systems software are programs that manage the resources of the computer system and simplify applications programming.

 Key PointsSystems software includes software such as the operating system, database management systems, networking software, translators, and software utilities.

Systems software can be categorized under the following:

• Operating system: Harnesses communication between hardware, system programs, and other applications.
• Device driver: Enables device communication with the OS and other programs.
• Firmware: Enables device control and identification.
  • Firmware is the operational software embedded within a flash, ROM, or EPROM memory chip for the OS to identify it.
  • It directly manages and controls all activities of any single hardware.
• Translator: Translates high-level languages to low-level machine codes.
  • A compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language into another language.
  • The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a lower-level language to create an executable
• software utility: Ensures optimum functionality of devices and applications.

Additional Information

• Word processor is a computer program used to write and revise documents, compose the layout of the text, and preview on a computer monitor how the printed copy will appear. For example, google docs, Microsoft word.

Hence word processor is not system software.

The set of given words are Almonds, Cashew, Walnuts all are dry-fruits. 

Apricot is the most similar to that set of word. Remaining Banana, Apple and Watermelon different from Apricot.

Hence, "Apricot" is the correct answer.