Question Discussion & Solution

Concept:

The different types of motion are described in the below table.

Explanation:

• When a tight string is stretched, we can see the string is moving up and down at a very fast speed.
• It may be so fast, we cannot predict the exact location of the string for a while.
• This type of phenomenon is called vibration and such motion is called vibrational motion. 
• This can also be observed while playing the guitar. 
• The guitar strings vibrate when pulled while playing it. 

The correct option is vibrational.

Explanation:

• Evolutionary biology: It is a field of science that deals with the study of evolutionary processes like natural selection, speciation & common descent that has led to the diversification of life on earth.
• Charles Darwin is known as the father of ''Evolutionary Biology''.
• Darwin proposed a theory of evolution called natural selection in the year 1859. According to it those populations which are a better fit (reproductively fit) in an environment will be selected by nature and will survive more.
• Charles Darwin wrote a book named ''The origin of species'' which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology.

Additional Information 

• Herbert Spencer- He Was best known for the introduction and application of evolutionary theory to philosophy, psychology, and social sciences
• The famous phrase 'Survival of the fittest' to mean Natural Selection was coined by Herbert Spencer. He originated this phrase after the publication of famous biologist Charles Darwin’s book ‘Origin of Species’ which talked about ‘Natural Selection’.
• Julian Huxley was an English biologist, philosopher, educator, and author who greatly influenced the modern development of embryology, systematics, and studies of behaviour and evolution.
• Stanley Miller along with H.C. Urey provided experimental evidence of ''chemical evolution''

Microsoft PowerPoint

• It is used to create overhead transparency, paper, 35mm slides, Photo Print, or on-screen presentations.
• We can insert pictures, sounds, animation, and type text in presentations.
• There are Auto Layouts and templates that make the creation of the presentation simple.
• PowerPoint offers a way to preview show, add special effects to the slides as displayed on-screen and rehearse the timings of each slide.

• After creating a presentation file, slides can be added, inserted, rearranged, or deleted wherever necessary.

Key Points

There are many views to view a PowerPoint Presentation

Slide Sorter view:

• Slide Sorter view gives you a miniature picture of each slide.
• You can use this view to select and drag slides from one position to another within the slide show.
• The slide number appears near the bottom-right corner of each slide.
• To select a slide in Slide Sorter view, use the arrow keys to highlight the slide, or click on the slide you want to select.  A bold outline surrounds the selected Slide.
• You can select the slide in the Slide Sorter View and press the ‘Delete’ key to delete a slide.

Hence, The slide sorter view in a presentation is used for sorting out the position and view of different slides which can be done when those are displayed as thumbnails and can be sorted by moving.

Additional Information

Slide Show View

• The Slide Show view displays the slide full screen. When you use this view, the PowerPoint window is not visible and each slide occupies the complete screen area. 
• This view helps you to check the final sizes, colors, animation, transitions between slides, sounds, and other controls.
• To display the Slide Show view, select the Slide Show option from the View Menu.

Slide master:

• A slide master is a top slide in a hierarchy of slides that stores information about the theme and slide layouts of a presentation, including the background, color, fonts, effects, placeholder sizes, and positioning.
• To create a master slide: On the View tab, click Slide Master.

Notes Page:

• The Notes Page view enables you to view your speaker notes in a page view.
• Each slide created contains its own Notes Page.
• You can print these pages out to use as a reference while delivering the presentation.
• These notes do not show on the screen during Slide Show.

The correct option is Most of the bees in the hive are worker bees.

• Every honey bee colony comprises a single queen, a few hundred drones and several thousand worker castes of honey bees.
• A queen bee is the only female bee in the hive that gets to reproduce.
• Worker bees are all female and are all offspring of the queen. 
• Queen is a fertile, functional female, the worker is a sterile female and the drone is a male insect.
• Queen and worker develop from the fertilized egg while drone develops from an unfertilized egg.
• Further differentiation of queen and worker depends on the quality and quantity of food that is fed to the queen or worker larvae.

Explanation:

​Every beehive has one male bee and many female bees → Inorrect.

Most of the bees in the hive are worker bees → Correct

The study of honey bee is sericulture → Inorrect.

Beehives are octagonal in shapes→ Incorrect. (Hexagonal)

​Additional Information

The queen:

• ​There is only one queen in a colony and considerably larger than the members of other castes.
• Swarming is the natural method that honeybee colonies use for multiplying their colonies.
• The old queen is killed as soon as the new queen is fertilized.
• The phenomenon of raising a queen in the off-season is called supersedure.
• The normal lifespan of a queen is 3 years.

​The drone:

• ​The drones are male bees with no sting.
• They are much larger and stouter than either the queen or the workers.
• Their only function is to impregnate the young queen a task which they are unable to perform until they are about 10 days of age.
• They also help in the maintenance of hive temperature. 
• The drones are produced by unfertilized eggs of the queen, or by those workers which take up the reproductive function due to the absence of a queen in a colony.
• The normal lifespan of a drone is 57 days. 

​The worker:

• ​Smallest inhabitants of the beehive.
• They are imperfect females incapable of laying eggs.
• Worker bees primary duties are cleaning, feeding developing larva once hypopharyngeal glands develop, ripening of honey, secreting/moulding of wax into combs.
• The lifespan of a worker is about 4 weeks during the active season and 8 to 10 weeks during the less active season.
• On certain occasions when the colony is in need of a queen, some of the workers start laying eggs from which only drones are produced.
• These workers called laying workers.

A mountain range is a group or chain of mountains that are near together and formed by orogenic forces.

Important Points

• The Aravalli Range (sometimes called Aravali) is a mountain range in Northern-Western India.
• It runs roughly 670 kilometers (430 miles) from Delhi to Gujarat, going through southern Haryana and Rajasthan.
• Guru Shikhar, at 1,722 meters, is the tallest summit (5,650 ft).
• The Aravalli Range, which dates back to the Proterozoic era, is considered the world's oldest fold mountain system.

Additional Information

• Vindhya and Satpura ranges run parallel to each other and separate peninsular India from the mainland. 
• The Himalayas protect the Indian subcontinent from the North East as a natural barrier providing geopolitical benefits to the country.
• Vindhya, Satpura, and Himalayas are all young-fold mountains.

Hence, Aravallis is the oldest folded mountain in India.