Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Typhoid. 

Key Points

• Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting.
• It can be fatal.
• It is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi.
• The infection is often passed on through contaminated food and drinking water, and it is more prevalent in places where handwashing is less frequent.

Additional Information

• Malaria- Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. The parasite can spread to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
• Chikungunya- Chikungunya is a viral disease. It spread to humans through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.
• Filariasis- Filariasis is a parasitic infection with a type of roundworm. It spread to humans through the bites of infected Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles mosquitoes. 

1 atm is equal to 760 torr.

• The atmospheric pressure(atm) is unit of the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. 
• At sea level the Earth's atmospheric pressure is 1 atm.
• The torr is an absolute-scale which is unit of pressure.
• The unit took its name from Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist and mathematician who invented the barometer theory in 1644.

The correct answer is Methane.

Key Points

• Methane (CH4)
  • It is the simplest hydrocarbon consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms and the simplest hydrocarbon, is the most abundant hydrocarbon pollutant.
  • It is a powerful greenhouse gas.
  • Major natural sources of methane include emissions from wetlands, and oceans and from the digestive processes of termites.
  • Methane is more than 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.

Additional Information

• Butane is a gaseous component (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) of the Alkane group having the chemical formula is C4H10.
• It is a colourless, highly flammable, and easily liquefied gas.
• In the abundance of oxygen, it forms Carbon dioxide, but if limited oxygen is available, then it forms Carbon Monoxide.

2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O                   (oxygen in plenty)

2C4H10 + 9O2 → 8CO + 10H2O                      (oxygen is limited)

• Uses –
  • Gasoline blending
  • Fuel gas
  • Fragrance extraction solvent
  • Feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene
  • Ingredient for synthetic rubber
  • Isobutane to enhance the Octane number of gasoline in refineries.
• A propane molecule has three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen bonds and has the formula C3H8. 
• Propane is a colourless, easily liquefied, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of carbon and hydrogen) and the third member of the paraffin series following methane and ethane.
• Propane is produced as a by-product of two other processes, natural gas processing and petroleum refining.
• It is separated in large quantities from natural gas, light crude oil, and oil-refinery gases and is commercially available as liquefied propane or as a major constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
• Uses: 
  • It is used in LPG, also used as biofuel in buses and taxis and it is also the main gas in blowtorches and for hot air balloons.
  • Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low boiling point makes it vaporize as soon as it is released from its pressurized container.
• The chemical formula of Ethane is C2H6.
• It is a colourless, odourless gas at normal temperature and pressure.
• It is extracted from natural gas on an industrial scale and is a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining.
• Michael Faraday first synthesized it in 1834, using the electrolysis of a solution of potassium acetate.

The correct answer is ​Sodium benzoate.

Key Points

• Sodium benzoate is a preservative that is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings, carbonated drinks, jams and fruit juices, pickles, condiments, and yoghurt toppings.
• Food preservation is a method to protect food from unwanted microbial growth and is done to preserve food for a longer time.
• Sodium benzoate is a widely used preservative found in many foods and soft drinks to prolong shelf life.
• It is an odourless, crystalline powder made by combining benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide.
• Benzoic acid is a good preservative on its own, and combining it with sodium hydroxide helps it dissolve in products.
• Sodium benzoate does not occur naturally, but benzoic acid is found in many plants, including cinnamon, cloves, tomatoes, berries, plums, apples, and cranberries.

Additional Information

The given equation is 

(10 N 5) L (4 N 4) M 6

Convert the above equation into a mathematical form.

(10 × 5) + (4 × 4) - 6

Now, solve the equation using the 'BODMAS' rule.

The 'BODMAS' rule is

Therefore, the equation becomes

⇒ 50 + 16 - 6

⇒ 60

Hence, the correct answer is 60.