Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 6 years.

Key Points

• The  Council of States or Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of India.
• Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and it can never dissolve.
• There is no tenure of Rajya Sabha whereas the member of Rajya Sahba has a tenure of 6 years.
• One-third of members of the Rajya Sabha retire every second year in a cyclic manner.
• Rajya Sabha-
  • As of 2021, the Rajya Sabha has a maximum membership of 245.
  • Out of 245, 233 are elected by the legislatures of the states and union territories using single transferable votes through Open Ballot and the President can appoint 12 members for their contributions to literature, art, science, and social services.
  • The potential seating capacity of the house (Rajya Sabha) is 250 (238 elected, 12 Nominated by the President of India), according to article 80 of the Constitution of India.
  • The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Important Points

• The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India.
• The Parliament is a bicameral legislature composed of the President of India and 2 houses: the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
• The term of office of a Lok Sabha member is 5 years.
• The Indian Constitution provides that the maximum strength of Lok Sabha be 550 members.

Concept:

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):

• It is the premier space agency of the government of India.
• Its vision is to harness space technology for national development while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration.
• The space research activities were initiated in India under Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of the Indian space program, during the 1960s.
• ISRO established: 15 August 1969
• Headquarters: Bengaluru

​Explanation:

Vikram Sarabhai:

• Vikram Sarabhai was an Indian Physicist.
• He Initiated Space Research.
• He is also known as the 'Father of the Indian space program'.
• Vikram Sarabhai also researched cosmic Rays under Dr. C.V. Raman, a noble prize winner.

Thus, the Indian Space Research Center was formed by Vikram Sarabhai.

Additional Information 

Homi Baba:

• Homi Baba worked towards the development of nuclear power.
• Known as the 'Father of the Indian nuclear program'
• He founded the Tata Institute Of Fundamental Research. 

Rakesh Sharma:

• Rakesh Sharma is the first Indian citizen to travel to space.
• Rakesh Sharma flew aboard Soyuz T - 11 along with Yury Malyshev and Flight Engineer Gennadi Strekalov.
• He became the first Indian to enter space in 1984.
• He was an officer in the Indian Air Force.
• He was awarded the honour of “the Hero of the Soviet Union”.
• He also received Ashok Chakra, India’s highest peacetime gallantry award.

K Sivan:

• Dr K Sivan was the Chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation uptill 2021.
• He was born in 1957 in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.
• Dr Sivan was inducted into Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle Project of ISRO in 1982.
• He also served as Director at Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre at ISRO and Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre.
• He assumed the office as chief of ISRO in 2018.

The correct answer is Thymine and Cytosine.

Key Points

• The pyrimidines in DNA are C & T. In RNA, U replaces T.

• Cytosine (C) formula is C₄H₅N₃O and Thymine (T) formula is C₅H₆N₂O₂.

Additional Information

• Deoxyribonucleic acid, commonly known as DNA, is the hereditary complex molecule present in humans and almost all other organisms.
• The information in DNA (double helix structure) is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
  • DNA has two base pairs, A-T and G-C, attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone.
• DNA is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code.
  • It holds the instructions for making all the proteins in our bodies and the function of living things.
• In the cell nucleus, the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes.
  • A chromosome (microscopic structure) is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
  • A chromosome has two arms - a p arm (short arm) and a q arm (long arm), joined in the location of the centromere.

• Watson and Crick Proposed the Double Helix structure of DNA with the two strands connected by hydrogen bonds.

The correct answer is Software program.

• An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Operating systems are found on many devices such as a computer, mobile phones, video games etc.
• Software program
  • It is a set of instructions, or a set of modules or procedures, through which computer operation is performed.
  • It is often called a software application and a software product.

Additional Information

• Computer system
  • A Computer system is usually defined as a combination of both hardware and software working together.
  • Hardware is the physical components of a computer and software is the programs that run on a computer.
• Network
  • It is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals, or other devices connected to one another to allow the sharing of data.
  • E.g - The Internet, often referred to as the ‘Net’, consists of a complex network of computers connected by high-speed communication technologies like satellites, microwave devices, etc.
• Hardware device
  • Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as a case, central processing unit (CPU), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard.
  • It accepts the data (input) from the user.
  • The computer has memory chips, which are designed to hold data until it is needed.
  • It processes this data into information. The computer has an electronic brain called the Central Processing Unit, which is responsible for processing all data into information according to the instructions given to the computer.
  • It then returns the processed information (output) to the user.

Hence, he is moving in north direction now.