Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Minimum of 5 years and a fine more than ₹15,000 or the value of the dowry received, whichever is higher.

• This legislation provides for a penalty in section 3 if any person gives, takes or abets giving or receiving of dowry.
• The punishment could be imprisonment for a minimum of 5 years and a fine more than ₹15,000 or the value of the dowry received, whichever is higher.

• The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 consolidated the anti-dowry laws which had been passed on certain states.
• This Act may be called the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.
• It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.

The correct answer is When the pregnant woman has undergone two or more spontaneous abortions or foetal losses.

• The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act 1994 allows pre-natal (pre-natal means before birth) diagnostic for certain medical purposes and diagnostic of pre-birth diseases, which includes chromosomal abnormalities; genetic metabolic diseases; hemoglobinopathies; sex-linked genetic diseases; congenital anomalies.

Key Points

• In such situations the doctor/technicians conducting such diagnostic shall check the following things and ensure that at least any one of these are fulfilled: 
  • that the age of the pregnant woman is above 35 years; or
  • the pregnant woman has undergone two or more spontaneous abortions or foetal losses; or
  • he pregnant woman had been exposed to potentially teratogenic agents such as drugs, radiation, infection or chemicals; or
  • the pregnant woman or her spouse has a family history of mental retardation or physical deformities such as spasticity or any other genetic disease. 
• In those circumstances when the pre-natal diagnostic is done, neither the woman nor her relatives should ask for the sex of the baby nor the person conducting the test shall say it either by words or signs.
• Also, it is mandatory for the person conducting the test to explain all the side effects, risks involved and then to take the written consent of the pregnant woman before conducting such a test.

The correct answer is Section 354.

• IPC Section 354: Assault or criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty.

Key Points

• Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman, intending to outrage or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby outrage her modesty, shall be punished with impris­onment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.

Additional Information

• Rape (Section 376, 376A, 376B, 376C, 376D)
• Kidnapping (Sec. 359, 360 366)
• Assault to outrage modesty (Sec.354, 354B)
• Domestic violence (Sec. 498A)
• Sexual harassment (Sec. 354A)

• Assault or using force against a woman of any age with intent to outrage her modesty is an offence punishable under Section 354 of IPC,1860.
• This is a cognizable offence, meaning in such offences police can arrest the accused even without the warrant.
• Punishment for this offense is-:  Jail of minimum 1 year which may extend to 5 years along with fine.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

• Policy framed to focus on the prevention of sex determination and female foeticides.
• The state is the first in the country to make this kind of move.

​ Important Points

•  Ensuring survival and providing an appropriate environment for the development of a girl child.
• The role and responsibilities of each stakeholder have been identified and defined.
• A task force has been constituted under the chairmanship of the chief secretary, Government of Rajasthan for the effective monitoring of the policy.
• The policy is being implemented in the state as per the directions of this task force.​