Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Gigahertz.

Key Points

• The speed of the CPU is measured in Gigahertz.
  • A central processing unit or CPU enables your computer to interact with all of the applications and installed programmes.
  • CPU interprets the program’s instructions and creates the output that is the interface.
  • The performance of the CPU has a major effect on the speed at which programs run.
  • Clock speed (also “clock rate” or “frequency”) is an important attribute to measure the performance of a processor. 
  • A higher clock speed means a faster CPU.  
  • The CPU processes many instructions from different programs every second.
  • The clock speed measures the number of cycles the CPU executes per second.
    • ​It is measured in GHz (gigahertz).
  • A “cycle” is technically a pulse synchronized by an internal oscillator.
  • During each cycle, billions of transistors within the processor open and close.
  • A CPU with a clock speed of 3.2 GHz executes 3.2 billion cycles per second.  

The correct answer is Central Processing Unit.

Key Points

• Central Processing Unit (CPU): It is the most important unit, where all the processing jobs take place. CPU is the control centre of the computer and hence it is said to be the brain of the computer.

Additional Information 

• CPU has three main components:
  • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): It performs all the arithmetic operations like addition (+), multiplication (*), subtraction (-), division (/) on the numerical data directed by the control unit. All the logical operations, like less than (<), greater than (>), equal to (=), not equal to (≠) etc. are also carried out by ALU.
  • Control Unit (CU): It controls and coordinates all the operations taking place in the system. It controls the flow of data and information from one unit to the other.
  • Registers/Memory Unit (MU): To execute a program, data and instructions need to be stored temporarily. This storage is done in the MU. The data and instructions are retrieved from MU by Control Unit for supplying to ALU as when required by the program.

The correct answer is Ctrl + Shift + <

Key Points

• Ctrl + Shift + < 
  • It is used to decrease the font to the next smaller point size available in the Font size list box in Microsoft Word.

Additional Information

• Ctrl + Shift + >
  • It is used to increase the font to the next smaller point size available in the Font size list box in Microsoft Word.
• Ctrl + Shift + +
  • It is used to apply superscript.
• Ctrl + Shift + F
  • It is used to open the Font window to change the font.

Important Points

• You can access the Fonts dialog box or use the tools in the Home tab in MS Word.
• The list contains font size in points 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 36, 48 and 72.
• Word supports font size b​etween 1 and 1638. 

The correct answer is a Flatbed scanner.

Key Points

• The flatbed scanner is used to scan documents by placing them upside down on a glass plate.
• A flatbed scanner provides a flat, glass surface to hold a sheet of paper, book, or another object for scanning.
• The scan head is moved under the glass.
• Flatbed scanners often come with sheet feeders for scanning multiple sheets of paper rather than one at a time.

Additional Information

Working of Flatbed Scanner:

• For modern scanners, a Charge-coupled device [CCD] is used.
• A CCD sensor is used to capture the light from the scanner and then convert it into proportional electrons.
• The charge developed will be more if the intensity of light that hits on the sensor is more. 

The correct answer is the Mainframe computer.

Key Points

• Mainframe computers 
  • Mainframe computers are those having large internal memory storage and a comprehensive range of software.
  • Mainframe computer serves as a backbone for the entire business world.

Additional Information 

• Analog computer 
  • Analog computers are job-oriented computers. 
  • They carry out arithmetic and logical operations by manipulating and processing data.
• Hybrid computer 
  • Hybrid computers are a combination of analog and digital computers.
  • Machines used in hospitals like ECG and DIALYDID are the commonly used hybrid computers.
• Special Purpose Computer
  • It refers to computers that are built to perform specific tasks, such as automatic teller machines or washing machines.
  • Examples of Special Purpose Computers: Traffic-Light control systems, weather-forecasting simulators, etc.